qmail is a secure, reliable, efficient, simple message transfer agent. It is designed for typical Internet-connected UNIX hosts.
It was developed by D. J. Bernstein.
This qmail distribution is part of a complete qmail guide.
Not everything you need to know about qmail or its installation is covered here so, in case of issues in the installation, have a look at the link above.
This qmail package contains chkuser, which has vpopmail as a prerequisite,
while vpopmail itself requires to be installed over the vanilla qmail. So the compilation chain is netqmail > vpopmail > patched qmail.
If you are looking for a qmail variant without chkuser and vpopmail you can switch to the specific branch
where you can find this same qmail without chkuser.
Download like this:
git clone -b no-chkuser-vpopmail https://github.com/sagredo-dev/qmail.git
This distribution of qmail puts together netqmail-1.06 with the following patches:
- Erwin Hoffmann's qmail-authentication patch v. 0.8.3, which updates the patches provided
by Krysztof Dabrowski and Bjoern Kalkbrenner.
It provides cram-md5, login, plain authentication support for qmail-smtpd and qmail-remote.
http://www.fehcom.de/qmail/smtpauth.html##PATCHES - Frederik Vermeulen's qmail-tls patch v. 20231230
implements SSL or TLS encrypted and authenticated SMTP.
The key is now 4096 bit long and the cert will be owned by vpopmail:vchkpw
Patched to dinamically touch control/notlshosts/<fqdn> if control/notlshosts_auto contains any number greater than 0 in order to skip the TLS connection for remote servers with an obsolete TLS version (tx Alexandre Fonceca).
The file update_tmprsadh was modified to chown all .pem files to vpopmail.
http://inoa.net/qmail-tls/ - Marcel Telka's force-tls patch v. 2016.05.15
optionally gets qmail to require TLS before authentication to improve security.
You have to declare FORCETLS=0 if you want to allow the auth without TLS
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/roberto-netqmail-1.06_force-tls/force-tls_marcel.patch - Antonio Nati's chkuser patch v. 2.0.9
performs, among the other things, a check for the existence of recipients during the SMTP conversation, bouncing emails of fake senders.
http://opensource.interazioni.it/qmail/chkuser.html
Small adjustments and a bug fix by Luca Franceschini here https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/dmind/20190807/:
Now CHKUSER_DISABLE_VARIABLE, CHKUSER_SENDER_NOCHECK_VARIABLE, CHKUSER_SENDER_FORMAT_NOCHECK, CHKUSER_RCPT_FORMAT_NOCHECK and CHKUSER_RCPT_MX_NOCHECK can be defined at runtime level as well.
chkuser' MAV program has been modified in order to be compliant with EAI (RFC 5336 SMTP Email Address Internationalization).
More info here - Flavio Curti's qmail-queue-custom-error patch
enables simscan and qmail-kim to return the appropriate message for each e-mail it refuses to deliver.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-queue-custom-error-v2.netqmail-1.05.patch - Christophe Saout's qmail-SPF rc5 patch
Modified by Manvendra Bhangui to make it IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses compliant.
checks incoming mails inside the SMTP daemon, add Received-SPF lines and optionally block undesired transfers.
http://www.saout.de/misc/spf/ - Marcelo Coelho's qmail-SRS patch
implements Sender Rewriting Scheme fixing SPF break upon email forwarding.
http://www.mco2.com.br/opensource/qmail/srs/ - Christopher K. Davis' oversize dns patch
enables qmail to handle large DNS packets.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-bigdns-103.patch - Jul's reread-concurrency v.2 patch
rereads control/concurrencylocal and control/concurrencyremote files when qmail-send receives a HUP signal.
http://js.hu/package/qmail/index.html - Johannes Erdfelt's Big Concurrency patch
sets the spawn limit above 255
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/big-concurrency.patch - Bill Shupp's netqmail-maildir++.patch
adds maildirquota support to qmail-pop3d and qmail-local.
Fixed a bug where the filesize part of the S= component of the Maildir++ compatible filename is wrong (tx MG). More info here: https://notes.sagredo.eu/en/qmail-notes-185/installing-dovecot-and-sieve-on-a-vpopmail-qmail-server-28.html#comment995
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/netqmail-maildir.patch - Kyle B. Wheeler's "Better qmail-smtpd Logging" v.5 patch
facilitates diagnostics of qmail-smtpd logging its actions and decisions (search for a line with qmail-smtp:)
http://www.memoryhole.net/qmail/#logging - John Simpson's (?) Greeting delay patch
adds a user-definable delay after SMTP clients have initiated SMTP sessions, prior to qmail-smtpd responding with "220 ESMTP". It can reject connections from clients which tried to send commands before greeting.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-greetdelay.patch - Manvendra Bhangui's DKIM and SURBL filter v.1.48 patch
adds DKIM signing & verification and SURBL filtering support to qmail.
qmail-dk is based on Russ Nelson's patch: http//:www.qmail.org/qmail-1.03-dk-0.54.patch
qmail-dkim uses hacked libdkim libraries from libdkim project at http://libdkim.sourceforge.net/
surbfilter is built on djb functions and some functions have been ruthlessly borrowed from qmail surbl interface by Pieter Droogendijk and the surblhost program at http://surblhost.sourceforge.net/
(file hier.c modified to chown /var/qmail/control/cache and subdirs to vpopmail)
http://sourceforge.net/projects/indimail/files/netqmail-addons/qmail-dkim-1.0/
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/ANNOUNCE.surblfilter - Claudio Jeker and Andre Oppermann's EXTTODO patch (release 5. Jan. 2003)
addresses a problem known as the silly qmail (queue) problem
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/exttodo.README
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/ext_todo-20030105.patch - Russell Nelson's big-todo patch
makes qmail use a hashing mechanism in the todo folder similar to that used in the rest of the queue
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/big-todo.103.patch - Stephane Cottin's qmail-inject-null-sender patch (let's call it in this way)
prevents qmail-inject from rewriting the null sender, fixing an issue with sieve vacation/reject messages.
More info here: http://www.dovecot.org/list/dovecot/2009-June/040811.html
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-inject-null-sender.patch - Russell Nelson's (modified by Charles Cazabon) doublebounce-trim patch, which updates the original
version by Russel Nelson
prevents double bounces from hitting your queue a second time provided that you delete the first line from /var/qmail/control/doublebounceto
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/doublebounce-trim.patch - Inter7's qmail-taps-extended patch
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-tap.diff
Extended by Michai Secasiu (http://patchlog.com/patches/qmail-taps-extended/)
Provides the ability to archive each email that flows through the system.
Archiving only messages from or to certain email addresses is possible as well.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-taps-extended-full.patch - Andy Repton's outgoingip patch (adjusted by Sergio Gelato)
by default all outgoing emails are sent through the first IP address on the interface. In case of a multiple IP server this patch makes qmail send outgoing emails with the IP eventually stored in control/outgoingip.
The ehlo domain is NOT modified by this patch.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/outgoingip.patch
Robbie Walker provided a patch to correct qmail-qmqpc.c's call to timeoutconn(), because the function signature was modified by the original outgoingip patch
https://notes.sagredo.eu/en/qmail-notes-185/patching-qmail-82.html#comment373 - Matthias Andree's qmail-rfc2821 patch
makes qmail rfc2821 compliant
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-1.03-rfc2821.diff
Ali Erturk TURKER added implicit TLS (SMTPS) support
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/aet_qmail_remote_smtps_correction_202302271346.patch - Jonathan de Boyne Pollard's smtpd-502-to-500 patch
makes qmail rfc2821 compliant
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/smtpd-502-to-500.patch - Fabio Busatto's qmail-dnsbl patch
allows you to reject spam and virus looking at the sender's ip address.
Modified by Luca Franceschini to add support for whitelists, TXT and A queries, configurable return codes 451 or 553 with custom messages
http://qmail-dnsbl.sourceforge.net/ - Scott Gifford's qmail-moreipme patch v. 0.6
prevents a problem caused by an MX or other mail routing directive instructing qmail to connect to itself without realizing it's connecting to itself, saving CPU time.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/moreipme.README
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-1.03-moreipme-0.6.patch - Alex Nee's qmail-hide-ip-headers patch
It will hide your Private or Public IP in the email Headers when you are sending Mail as a Relay Client.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-hide-ip-headers.patch - John Saunders' qmail-date-localtime patch
causes the various qmail programs to generate date stamps in the local timezone.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-date-localtime.patch - Dean Gaudet's qmail-liberal-lf patch v. 0.95
allow qmail-smtpd to accept messages that are terminated with a single \n instead of the required \r\n sequence.
http://www.arctic.org/~dean/patches/qmail-0.95-liberal-lf.patch
Disabled by default due to smuggling vulnerability (CVE-2023-51765 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51765).
Enable bare LF by defining ALLOW_BARELF in tcprules. - Michael Samuel's maxrcpt patch
allows you to set a limit on how many recipients are specified for any one email message by setting control/maxrcpt. RFC 2821 section 4.5.3.1 says that an MTA MUST allow at least 100 recipients for each message, since this is one of the favourite tricks of the spammer. If DISABLE_MAXRCPT is defined it skips the check, as outgoing messages from mailing lists would be rejected otherwise.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/maxrcpt.patch - Inter7's qmail-eMPF patch
More info: https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/empf.README
eMPF follows a set of administrator-defined rules describing who can message whom. With this, companies can segregate various parts of their organizations email activities, as well as provide a variety of security-enhancing services.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/qmail-empf.patch - qregex (by Andrew St. Jean http://www.arda.homeunix.net/downloads-qmail/, contributors: Jeremy Kitchen,
Alex Pleiner, Thanos Massias. Original patch by Evan Borgstrom)
adds the ability to match address evelopes via Regular Expressions (REs) in the qmail-smtpd process.
Added new control file 'badhelonorelay', control/badmailto renamed control/badrcptto (Tx Luca Franceschini). - brtlimit
Luca Franceschini derived this patch from https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/goodrcptto-12.patch
added control/brtlimit and BRTLIMIT variable to limit max invalid recipient errors before closing the connection (man qmail-control) - validrcptto
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/validrcptto.README
Luca Franceschini grabbed the code from several patches with additional features:
http://qmail.jms1.net/patches/validrcptto cdb.shtml,
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/goodrcptto-ms-12.patch,
http://patch.be/qmail/badrcptto.html
It works in conjunction with chkuser with both cdb and mysql accounts. - reject-relay-test by Russell Nelson
It gets qmail to reject relay probes generated by so-called anti-spammers. These relay probes have '!', '%' and '@' in the local (username) part of the address.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail//patches/qmail-smtpd-relay-reject.patch - Luca Franceschini
added DISABLETLS environment variable, useful if you want to disable TLS on a desired port
added FORCEAUTHMAILFROM environment variable to REQUIRE that authenticated user and 'mail from' are identical
added SMTPAUTHMETHOD, SMTPAUTHUSER and SMTP_AUTH_USER env variables for external plugins (see http://qmail-spp.sourceforge.net/doc/) - fixed little bug in 'mail from' address handling
patch by Andre Opperman at http://qmail.cr.yp.narkive.com/kBry6GJl/bug-in-qmail-smtpd-c-addrparse-function - Luca Franceschini's qlog patch
smtpd logging with fixed format. An entry 'qlogenvelope' is generated after accepting or rejecting every recipients in the envelope phase. - Luca Franceschini's reject null senders patch
useful in special cases if you temporarily need to reject the null sender (although breaks RFC compatibility).
You just need to put 1 (actually any number different from 0) in your control/rejectnullsenders or define REJECTNULLSENDERS to reject the null sender with 421 error message. - Luca Franceschini's remove-cname-check patch
Removed dns_cname call in qmail-remote.c instead of changing the funcion in dns.c,in case another patch requires dns_cname().
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/remove-cname-check.patch
More info here https://lists.gt.net/qmail/users/138190 - Jonathan de Boyne Pollard's any-to-cname patch
avoids qmail getting large amounts of DNS data we have no interest in and that may overflow our response buffer.
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/any-to-cname.patch - Luca Franceschini's rcptcheck patch
(based on original patch from Jay Soffian (http://www.soffian.org/downloads/qmail/qmail-smtpd-doc.html)
Originally designed for the purpose of receipt validation, it can also be used to limit the numbr of email a given IP and/or auth-user and/or domain can send in a given time interval. It has to be used in conjuction with the rcptcheck-overlimit.sh LF's script
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/rcptcheck-overlimit.sh
https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/patches/rcptcheck.patch - Reed Sandberg's qmail-channels patch
Allows you to add an arbitrary number of supplemental remote queues, each distinguished by a list of recipient domains and separate throttling (concurrency) capabilities. This patch also allows dynamic throttling of the concurrency control files so you can just send qmail-send a HUP signal instead of restarting the service every time.
This patch is useful when some email providers complain of too many emails receveid at the same time (in case of news letters for instance). Look here for more info https://notes.sagredo.eu/en/qmail-notes-185/patching-qmail-82.html#comment1328
Edit conf-channels before compiling: Total number of channels (queues) available for delivery. Must be at least 2, and anything above 2 are considered supplemental channels.
http://www.thesmbexchange.com/eng/qmail-channels_patch.html - Endersys R&D team's qmail-remote-logging patch
gets qmail-remote to log sender, recipient and IP adddress all together in the "Delivery success/failure" line https://web.archive.org/web/20120530051612/http://blog.endersys.com/2009/12/qmail-canonicalised-recipient-logging-and-more-patch/ - notqmail.org's cve-2005-1513 patch
addresses a vulnerability issue spotted by Georgi Guninski in 2005
https://www.qualys.com/2020/05/19/cve-2005-1513/remote-code-execution-qmail.txt - Pawel Foremski's qmail-spp patch v. 0.42, which provides plug-in support for qmail-smtpd. It allows you to
write external programs and use them to check SMTP command argument validity. The plug-in can trigger
several actions, like denying a command with an error message, logging data, adding a header and much more.
The qmail-spp functionality is disabled by default, so that it will be transparent for ancient users of this patch. If you want to enable qmail-spp just export the variable ENABLE_SPP in your run file. Note that the variable NOSPP is not available here.
More info here http://qmail-spp.sourceforge.net - Bruce Guenter's qmail-1.03-fastremote-3 patch
While sending individual messages with qmail consumes very little CPU, sending multiple large messages in parallel can effectively DoS a sender due to inefficiencies in qmail-remote's "blast" function. In its original form, this function scans the message one byte at a time to escape leading periods and newlines, as required by SMTP.
This patch modifies blast to scan the message in larger chunks. I have benchmarked before and after, and the change reduced the CPU time consumed by qmail-remote by a factor of 10.
http://untroubled.org/qmail/qmail-1.03-fastremote-3.patch - Arnt Gulbrandsen's smtputf8
adds RFC 5336 SMTP Email Address Internationalization support- Pull Request
- More info here
As already mentioned, this package has vpopmail as a prerequisite. Also it is intended that you already have
created the qmail users as explained here.
This package requires the libidn2 library (GNU Internationalized Domain Name
library version 2, libidn2-dev on Debian like OS).
- Install libsrs2
wget https://notes.sagredo.eu/files/qmail/tar/libsrs2-1.0.18.tar.gz
tar xzf libsrs2-1.0.18.tar.gz
cd libsrs2-1.0.18
./configure
make
make install
ldconfig
cd ../
- Download
Download the latest release from the github repo.
- Compile and install
freeBSD doesn't have the libresolv.so library, which is not needed there to compile.
Before compiling, freeBSD users have to comment out or delete the following line at
the very beginning of Makefile:
#LIBRESOLV=-lresolv
Compile and install:
make setup check
- You have to export SMTPAUTH in your run file if you want to do the auth
- You have to export SURBL=1 in your run file if you want to enable SURBL
- /var/qmail/control/cache must be owned by the user who runs qmail-smtpd, vpopmail:vchkpwd in my case. Change the permissions according to your qmail configuration.
You can find more info and ask for support here.