Mostly textual changes in prompt files

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diff --git a/ToKEssayGuidance.txt b/ToKEssayGuidance.txt
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+The Theory of Knowledge Essay - General GuidanceGeneral PrinciplesWords to use: knowledge, justification, interpretation, judgement, evidence, theory, explanation, coherence, assumptions, implications, authority, verification, motivation, reason, emotion, sense perception, language, intuition, imagination, faith, memory and paradigmYou might sharpen your quality of analysis by doing some of the following:· identify assumptions behind knowledge claims or arguments,· identity and evaluate arguments and counter arguments, and· give serious consideration to the implications of arguments.If appropriate, make use of the knowledge framework. This is a tool for analysis for comparing two or more areas of knowledge so you can make connections in terms of 1) scope and applications, 2) key concepts, 3) methodology, 4) key historical development, and 5) links with personal knowledge.· Use examples to support your analytical points and evaluate examples.· Use a range of examples that reflect your own global perspective, IB learning experience, whether from CAS, one of your 6 IB subjects, an Internal Assessment, or your Extended Essay.· Avoid typical or clichéd examples (eg flat earth or number of words for snow).An excellent essay has:· a sustained focus on knowledge questions that are connected to the prescribed title and well chosen· knowledge questions developed with investigation of different perspectives and linked effectively to areas of knowledge and/or ways of knowing.· arguments that are clear, supported by real-life examples and effectively evaluated;· counterclaims that are extensively explored; implications are drawn.When it comes to examples, use them to make effective points, but don’t give too much anecdotal or irrelevant information. Make sure the example supports the point you are making and then move on.Common mistakes and how to avoid themThis section of the TSM explains mistakes commonly made in the TOK assessments, and how to avoid them. Another good source of feedback on these common mistakes is the subject report produced by senior examiners after each examination session.The essayMany of the mistakes that are made by weaker students result from poorly developed understanding of the objectives combined with following a weak process. Some of the common mistakes seen in TOK essays are identified below, along with advice on how they can be avoided.Misunderstanding the nature of the essayThe goal of the TOK essay is not to evaluate the personal values of students, to explore conspiracy theories or to debate moral issues and themes. The essay invites students to consider the factors that influence our willingness to accept or reject information as knowledge. Students who do not appreciate this will often produce essays that fail to address the task and the criteria. Students should also remember that the TOK essay is not a research essay and so is not subject to the same requirements as the extended essay (apart from the requirements associated with academic honesty).The scope of the essayIt is important that students are realistic about how much they can cover in a TOK essay which can be a maximum of 1,600 words. They are not being asked to consider all of the points that could potentially be made; indeed they should recognize that doing so will limit their ability to explore the points that they do raise in sufficient depth. Students need to be guided to reflect on, evaluate and select the most relevant ideas from the many that they have generated in the planning of their essay.Unfocused introductionSuccessful introductions tend to be dedicated to three main goals:• establishing some clarity about the key terms and concepts used in the title• stating a position, that is, agree, disagree, agree with reservations, disagree with reservations• identifying the WOKs and AOKs that the essay will focus on.Essays that open with generalized observations about mankind’s eternal quest for knowledge tend to set the scene for a descriptive essay, and often cause the student to digress. These introductions also tend to cause readers to quickly lose faith in the purpose of the essay.Strong essay introductions ensure that they address all aspects of the title, and that they consider any assumptions that are written into the title. They do not assume that the title can only ever be addressed from one position.Ineffective use of examplesStrong essays will seek to employ a range of specific examples (contemporary, drawn from personal experience, cross-cultural, from multiple eras, drawn from the course) and will make relevant use of them. When we refer to specific examples we mean making reference to a particular artist/artwork or scientist/scientific theory, rather than making a generic reference to “artists” or “scientists”. Effective examples invariably seek to relate the example back to the title, and to extend, fairly directly, from the example to the knowledge question that it was employed to illustrate. Students should avoid using hypothetical examples. Students who base their arguments onhypothetical examples that are invariably vague, unconvincing and anecdotal usually produce essays that fail to arrive at clear knowledge conclusions.Students should also avoid using too many examples. Students who approach the essay from a content perspective tend often to make the mistake of filling the essay with large numbers of examples, skipping from one to the other without unpacking the significance of each. This tends to make the essay more descriptive than analytical.Failure to refer to WOKs and AOKsStudents should identify which WOKs and AOKs their essay will focus on in their opening statements. It is crucial that students use the language of TOK appropriately, making explicit reference to the terms “ways of knowing” and “areas of knowledge.”Claims are not fully explored and evaluatedStrong students often fail to achieve full return for their efforts because they fail to fully develop the claims that they incorporate into their discussion, and fail to justify and evaluate those claims.Counterclaims are ignoredEssays that explore counterclaims are more likely to approach the title as a debate about knowledge and are therefore less likely to make the mistake of treating the essay simply as one-sided statements of the student’s own viewpoint or opinion.Failure to consider implicationsMany students fail to achieve the highest marks because although they make sound arguments, they fail to consider the implications of their arguments.

diff --git a/build-info.h b/build-info.h
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+#ifndef BUILD_INFO_H
+#define BUILD_INFO_H
+
+#define BUILD_NUMBER 1413
+#define BUILD_COMMIT "cf81e33"
+#define BUILD_COMPILER "Apple clang version 15.0.0 (clang-1500.0.40.1)"
+#define BUILD_TARGET "arm64-apple-darwin23.0.0"
+
+#endif // BUILD_INFO_H
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		The Theory of Knowledge Essay - General GuidanceGeneral PrinciplesWords to use: knowledge, justification, interpretation, judgement, evidence, theory, explanation, coherence, assumptions, implications, authority, verification, motivation, reason, emotion, sense perception, language, intuition, imagination, faith, memory and paradigmYou might sharpen your quality of analysis by doing some of the following:· identify assumptions behind knowledge claims or arguments,· identity and evaluate arguments and counter arguments, and· give serious consideration to the implications of arguments.If appropriate, make use of the knowledge framework. This is a tool for analysis for comparing two or more areas of knowledge so you can make connections in terms of 1) scope and applications, 2) key concepts, 3) methodology, 4) key historical development, and 5) links with personal knowledge.· Use examples to support your analytical points and evaluate examples.· Use a range of examples that reflect your own global perspective, IB learning experience, whether from CAS, one of your 6 IB subjects, an Internal Assessment, or your Extended Essay.· Avoid typical or clichéd examples (eg flat earth or number of words for snow).An excellent essay has:· a sustained focus on knowledge questions that are connected to the prescribed title and well chosen· knowledge questions developed with investigation of different perspectives and linked effectively to areas of knowledge and/or ways of knowing.· arguments that are clear, supported by real-life examples and effectively evaluated;· counterclaims that are extensively explored; implications are drawn.When it comes to examples, use them to make effective points, but don’t give too much anecdotal or irrelevant information. Make sure the example supports the point you are making and then move on.Common mistakes and how to avoid themThis section of the TSM explains mistakes commonly made in the TOK assessments, and how to avoid them. Another good source of feedback on these common mistakes is the subject report produced by senior examiners after each examination session.The essayMany of the mistakes that are made by weaker students result from poorly developed understanding of the objectives combined with following a weak process. Some of the common mistakes seen in TOK essays are identified below, along with advice on how they can be avoided.Misunderstanding the nature of the essayThe goal of the TOK essay is not to evaluate the personal values of students, to explore conspiracy theories or to debate moral issues and themes. The essay invites students to consider the factors that influence our willingness to accept or reject information as knowledge. Students who do not appreciate this will often produce essays that fail to address the task and the criteria. Students should also remember that the TOK essay is not a research essay and so is not subject to the same requirements as the extended essay (apart from the requirements associated with academic honesty).The scope of the essayIt is important that students are realistic about how much they can cover in a TOK essay which can be a maximum of 1,600 words. They are not being asked to consider all of the points that could potentially be made; indeed they should recognize that doing so will limit their ability to explore the points that they do raise in sufficient depth. Students need to be guided to reflect on, evaluate and select the most relevant ideas from the many that they have generated in the planning of their essay.Unfocused introductionSuccessful introductions tend to be dedicated to three main goals:• establishing some clarity about the key terms and concepts used in the title• stating a position, that is, agree, disagree, agree with reservations, disagree with reservations• identifying the WOKs and AOKs that the essay will focus on.Essays that open with generalized observations about mankind’s eternal quest for knowledge tend to set the scene for a descriptive essay, and often cause the student to digress. These introductions also tend to cause readers to quickly lose faith in the purpose of the essay.Strong essay introductions ensure that they address all aspects of the title, and that they consider any assumptions that are written into the title. They do not assume that the title can only ever be addressed from one position.Ineffective use of examplesStrong essays will seek to employ a range of specific examples (contemporary, drawn from personal experience, cross-cultural, from multiple eras, drawn from the course) and will make relevant use of them. When we refer to specific examples we mean making reference to a particular artist/artwork or scientist/scientific theory, rather than making a generic reference to “artists” or “scientists”. Effective examples invariably seek to relate the example back to the title, and to extend, fairly directly, from the example to the knowledge question that it was employed to illustrate. Students should avoid using hypothetical examples. Students who base their arguments onhypothetical examples that are invariably vague, unconvincing and anecdotal usually produce essays that fail to arrive at clear knowledge conclusions.Students should also avoid using too many examples. Students who approach the essay from a content perspective tend often to make the mistake of filling the essay with large numbers of examples, skipping from one to the other without unpacking the significance of each. This tends to make the essay more descriptive than analytical.Failure to refer to WOKs and AOKsStudents should identify which WOKs and AOKs their essay will focus on in their opening statements. It is crucial that students use the language of TOK appropriately, making explicit reference to the terms “ways of knowing” and “areas of knowledge.”Claims are not fully explored and evaluatedStrong students often fail to achieve full return for their efforts because they fail to fully develop the claims that they incorporate into their discussion, and fail to justify and evaluate those claims.Counterclaims are ignoredEssays that explore counterclaims are more likely to approach the title as a debate about knowledge and are therefore less likely to make the mistake of treating the essay simply as one-sided statements of the student’s own viewpoint or opinion.Failure to consider implicationsMany students fail to achieve the highest marks because although they make sound arguments, they fail to consider the implications of their arguments.
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