diff --git a/Lib9c b/Lib9c
index a5dd5bdf9..570818fda 160000
--- a/Lib9c
+++ b/Lib9c
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit a5dd5bdf928d819b063a0c193fb9608e9f84f6e9
+Subproject commit 570818fda746f6f43bb55af8789b006b24edee7f
diff --git a/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator.Tests/ForkableActionEvaluatorTest.cs b/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator.Tests/ForkableActionEvaluatorTest.cs
index fe68994d0..0885937ae 100644
--- a/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator.Tests/ForkableActionEvaluatorTest.cs
+++ b/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator.Tests/ForkableActionEvaluatorTest.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 using Libplanet.Crypto;
 using Libplanet.Types.Tx;
 using ArgumentOutOfRangeException = System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException;
+using Libplanet.Types.Evidence;
 
 namespace Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator.Tests;
 
@@ -135,4 +136,6 @@ public MockBlock(long blockIndex)
     public BlockCommit? LastCommit { get; }
     public IReadOnlyList<ITransaction> Transactions { get; }
     public HashDigest<SHA256> PreEvaluationHash { get; }
+    public IReadOnlyList<EvidenceBase> Evidence { get; }
+    public HashDigest<SHA256>? EvidenceHash { get; }
 }
diff --git a/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator.csproj b/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator.csproj
index e08d0e851..db1c4f310 100644
--- a/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator.csproj
+++ b/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator/Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator.csproj
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
   
   <ItemGroup>
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet\Libplanet.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet\Libplanet.csproj" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>
diff --git a/Libplanet.Extensions.PluggedActionEvaluator/Libplanet.Extensions.PluggedActionEvaluator.csproj b/Libplanet.Extensions.PluggedActionEvaluator/Libplanet.Extensions.PluggedActionEvaluator.csproj
index 78e3b7dcd..a0db16957 100644
--- a/Libplanet.Extensions.PluggedActionEvaluator/Libplanet.Extensions.PluggedActionEvaluator.csproj
+++ b/Libplanet.Extensions.PluggedActionEvaluator/Libplanet.Extensions.PluggedActionEvaluator.csproj
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet\Libplanet.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet\Libplanet.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Lib9c.Plugin.Shared\Lib9c.Plugin.Shared.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet.Extensions.ActionEvaluatorCommonComponents\Libplanet.Extensions.ActionEvaluatorCommonComponents.csproj" />
   </ItemGroup>
diff --git a/Libplanet.Headless/Libplanet.Headless.csproj b/Libplanet.Headless/Libplanet.Headless.csproj
index b8e446219..5a3a2b286 100644
--- a/Libplanet.Headless/Libplanet.Headless.csproj
+++ b/Libplanet.Headless/Libplanet.Headless.csproj
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet\Libplanet.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.RocksDBStore\Libplanet.RocksDBStore.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Net\Libplanet.Net.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet\Libplanet.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.RocksDBStore\Libplanet.RocksDBStore.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.Net\Libplanet.Net.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\NineChronicles.RPC.Shared\NineChronicles.RPC.Shared\NineChronicles.RPC.Shared.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator\Libplanet.Extensions.ForkableActionEvaluator.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Libplanet.Extensions.PluggedActionEvaluator\Libplanet.Extensions.PluggedActionEvaluator.csproj" />
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/Commands/ChainCommandTest.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/Commands/ChainCommandTest.cs
index 252930e5e..5b9d5af5e 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/Commands/ChainCommandTest.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/Commands/ChainCommandTest.cs
@@ -439,6 +439,7 @@ private Block MineGenesisBlock()
                         block.Hash,
                         DateTimeOffset.UtcNow,
                         validator.PublicKey,
+                        null,
                         VoteFlag.PreCommit).Sign(validator)))
                 : null;
         }
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/Commands/GenesisHelper.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/Commands/GenesisHelper.cs
index 97be5dc34..26b8984ca 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/Commands/GenesisHelper.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/Commands/GenesisHelper.cs
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public static void AppendEmptyBlock(BlockChain blockChain)
                 block.Hash,
                 new[]
                 {
-                    new VoteMetadata(block.Index, 0, block.Hash, block.Timestamp, ValidatorKey.PublicKey, VoteFlag.PreCommit).Sign(ValidatorKey),
+                    new VoteMetadata(block.Index, 0, block.Hash, block.Timestamp, ValidatorKey.PublicKey, null, VoteFlag.PreCommit).Sign(ValidatorKey),
                 }.ToImmutableArray());
             blockChain.Append(block, blockCommit);
         }
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests.csproj b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests.csproj
index 07a7df259..601591534 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests.csproj
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests.csproj
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@
         <PackageReference Include="xunit" Version="2.4.0" />
         <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio" Version="2.4.0" />
         <PackageReference Include="coverlet.collector" Version="1.2.0" />
-        <PackageReference Include="MagicOnion.Client" Version="5.0.3" />
+        <PackageReference Include="MagicOnion.Client" Version="6.1.3" />
     </ItemGroup>
 
     <ItemGroup>
         <ProjectReference Include="..\NineChronicles.Headless.Executable\NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.csproj" />
-        <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Mocks\Libplanet.Mocks.csproj" />
+        <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\test\Libplanet.Mocks\Libplanet.Mocks.csproj" />
     </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.sln b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.sln
index ef9053828..533888054 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.sln
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.sln
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Headless", "Libpl
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Headless.Tests", "Libplanet.Headless.Tests\Libplanet.Headless.Tests.csproj", "{0B82AB6A-32B1-4F76-B965-B56B052057D4}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Analyzers", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Analyzers\Libplanet.Analyzers.csproj", "{AACC51F4-D38A-4094-BF50-BDC981848517}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Analyzers", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\tools\Libplanet.Analyzers\Libplanet.Analyzers.csproj", "{AACC51F4-D38A-4094-BF50-BDC981848517}"
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "NineChronicles.Headless", "NineChronicles.Headless\NineChronicles.Headless.csproj", "{AE6FE611-BB8E-4E85-8623-34608EC868CD}"
 EndProject
@@ -19,17 +19,17 @@ Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Lib9c", "Lib9c\Lib9c\Lib9c.
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "NineChronicles.RPC.Shared", "NineChronicles.RPC.Shared\NineChronicles.RPC.Shared\NineChronicles.RPC.Shared.csproj", "{106573F6-F9C1-41B7-8F02-40E76F177C24}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet\Libplanet.csproj", "{E18779D4-103C-42D2-A94F-EEB801B32750}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet\Libplanet.csproj", "{E18779D4-103C-42D2-A94F-EEB801B32750}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.RocksDBStore", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.RocksDBStore\Libplanet.RocksDBStore.csproj", "{2C079592-8EDC-4911-AFF9-828419E0FDC1}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.RocksDBStore", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.RocksDBStore\Libplanet.RocksDBStore.csproj", "{2C079592-8EDC-4911-AFF9-828419E0FDC1}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Stun", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Stun\Libplanet.Stun.csproj", "{3B2875B4-B6C6-4929-B885-18A922110ED2}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Stun", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.Stun\Libplanet.Stun.csproj", "{3B2875B4-B6C6-4929-B885-18A922110ED2}"
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests", "NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests\NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Tests.csproj", "{6E38A2CF-B93F-4CD5-9CAC-DE121998FF18}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Extensions.Cocona", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Extensions.Cocona\Libplanet.Extensions.Cocona.csproj", "{B1C7C07A-2394-4778-A328-D536C7FC3CDD}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Extensions.Cocona", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\tools\Libplanet.Extensions.Cocona\Libplanet.Extensions.Cocona.csproj", "{B1C7C07A-2394-4778-A328-D536C7FC3CDD}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Explorer", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Explorer\Libplanet.Explorer.csproj", "{D1AAC8D1-742F-4E71-A3B3-651069B6C0F7}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Explorer", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\tools\Libplanet.Explorer\Libplanet.Explorer.csproj", "{D1AAC8D1-742F-4E71-A3B3-651069B6C0F7}"
 EndProject
 Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Solution Items", "Solution Items", "{4D8FC180-CD64-4774-B9BF-BF290C01BB1A}"
 	ProjectSection(SolutionItems) = preProject
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Solution Items", "Solution
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Lib9c.DevExtensions", "Lib9c\Lib9c.DevExtensions\Lib9c.DevExtensions.csproj", "{8411BF58-22E7-4174-AEE6-7332FE690906}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Net", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Net\Libplanet.Net.csproj", "{858AEAB3-CC9C-41C4-9727-4243708FD803}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Net", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.Net\Libplanet.Net.csproj", "{858AEAB3-CC9C-41C4-9727-4243708FD803}"
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Lib9c.MessagePack", "Lib9c\Lib9c.MessagePack\Lib9c.MessagePack.csproj", "{A9513460-EE7A-455F-A823-5005DB6BA8FC}"
 EndProject
@@ -60,15 +60,15 @@ Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Extensions.Forkab
 EndProject
 Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = ".Libplanet", ".Libplanet", "{69F04D28-2B2E-454D-9B15-4D708EEEA8B5}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Action", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Action\Libplanet.Action.csproj", "{EB464A50-9976-4DEA-B170-F72C4FB73A9C}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Action", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.Action\Libplanet.Action.csproj", "{EB464A50-9976-4DEA-B170-F72C4FB73A9C}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Common", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Common\Libplanet.Common.csproj", "{95FB2620-540C-4498-9DAE-65198E89680C}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Common", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.Common\Libplanet.Common.csproj", "{95FB2620-540C-4498-9DAE-65198E89680C}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Types", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Types\Libplanet.Types.csproj", "{FC65B031-F6EE-4561-A365-47B6FDD1C114}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Types", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.Types\Libplanet.Types.csproj", "{FC65B031-F6EE-4561-A365-47B6FDD1C114}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Store", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Store\Libplanet.Store.csproj", "{2FF6DADC-5E7A-4F03-94D5-2CF50DED8C29}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Store", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.Store\Libplanet.Store.csproj", "{2FF6DADC-5E7A-4F03-94D5-2CF50DED8C29}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Crypto", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Crypto\Libplanet.Crypto.csproj", "{2C3AD392-38A1-4E07-B1F9-694EE4A1E0C0}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Crypto", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.Crypto\Libplanet.Crypto.csproj", "{2C3AD392-38A1-4E07-B1F9-694EE4A1E0C0}"
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Extensions.ActionEvaluatorCommonComponents", "Lib9c\.Libplanet.Extensions.ActionEvaluatorCommonComponents\Libplanet.Extensions.ActionEvaluatorCommonComponents.csproj", "{A6922395-36E5-4B0A-BEBD-9BCE34D08722}"
 EndProject
@@ -78,9 +78,9 @@ Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Libplanet.Extensions.Plugge
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Lib9c.Plugin.Shared", "Lib9c\.Lib9c.Plugin.Shared\Lib9c.Plugin.Shared.csproj", "{3D32DA34-E619-429F-8421-848FF4F14417}"
 EndProject
-Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Libplanet.Mocks", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Mocks\Libplanet.Mocks.csproj", "{F79B695B-6FCC-43F5-AEE4-88E484382B9B}"
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Libplanet.Mocks", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\test\Libplanet.Mocks\Libplanet.Mocks.csproj", "{F79B695B-6FCC-43F5-AEE4-88E484382B9B}"
 EndProject
-Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Libplanet.Store.Remote", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Store.Remote\Libplanet.Store.Remote.csproj", "{D1E15F81-8765-4DCA-9299-675415686C23}"
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Libplanet.Store.Remote", "Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.Store.Remote\Libplanet.Store.Remote.csproj", "{D1E15F81-8765-4DCA-9299-675415686C23}"
 EndProject
 Global
 	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/ReplayCommand.Privates.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/ReplayCommand.Privates.cs
index db3d3d223..5037b6a8a 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/ReplayCommand.Privates.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/ReplayCommand.Privates.cs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 using Libplanet.Action.State;
 using Libplanet.Types.Tx;
 using Serilog;
+using Libplanet.Types.Evidence;
 
 namespace NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Commands
 {
@@ -61,6 +62,8 @@ public ActionContext(
             // NOTE: Replay does not support block actions.
             public IReadOnlyList<ITransaction> Txs => ImmutableList<ITransaction>.Empty;
 
+            public IReadOnlyList<EvidenceBase> Evidence => ImmutableList<EvidenceBase>.Empty;
+
             public void UseGas(long gas)
             {
             }
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/ReplayCommand.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/ReplayCommand.cs
index 94606a02f..1fe5c4f9a 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/ReplayCommand.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/ReplayCommand.cs
@@ -413,11 +413,14 @@ public int RemoteTx(
                     var stateRootHash = HashDigest<SHA256>.FromString(block!.StateRootHash!);
                     var privateKey = new PrivateKey();
                     var blockMetadata = new BlockMetadata(
-                        0, DateTimeOffset.Now, privateKey.PublicKey, null, null, null);
+                        0, DateTimeOffset.Now, privateKey.PublicKey, null, null, null, null);
                     var blockContent = new BlockContent(blockMetadata);
                     var preEvaluationBlock = blockContent.Propose();
                     var b = preEvaluationBlock.Sign(privateKey, stateRootHash);
-                    return new BlockDigest(b.Header, ImmutableArray<ImmutableArray<byte>>.Empty);
+                    return new BlockDigest(
+                        header: b.Header,
+                        txIds: ImmutableArray<ImmutableArray<byte>>.Empty,
+                        evidenceIds: ImmutableArray<ImmutableArray<byte>>.Empty);
                 }
             };
 
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/StateCommand.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/StateCommand.cs
index e7c8f963d..1bf1877cf 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/StateCommand.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Commands/StateCommand.cs
@@ -125,7 +125,8 @@ IStateStore stateStore
                         throw new CommandExitedException($"The block of {blockHash} doesn't exist.", -1);
                 var preEvalBlock = new PreEvaluationBlock(
                     block,
-                    block.Transactions
+                    block.Transactions,
+                    block.Evidence
                 );
                 stderr.WriteLine(
                     "[{0}/{1}] Executing block #{2} {3}...",
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.csproj b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.csproj
index 6de9ef47e..d58c7fbca 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.csproj
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.csproj
@@ -24,6 +24,12 @@
     <PackageReference Include="GraphQL.Client" Version="5.1.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="GraphQL.Client.Serializer.SystemTextJson" Version="5.1.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="Destructurama.Attributed" Version="2.0.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="OpenTelemetry.Exporter.Console" Version="1.9.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="OpenTelemetry.Exporter.OpenTelemetryProtocol" Version="1.9.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="OpenTelemetry.Instrumentation.GrpcNetClient" Version="1.9.0-beta.1" />
+    <PackageReference Include="OpenTelemetry.Instrumentation.Http" Version="1.9.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Pyroscope" Version="0.8.14" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Pyroscope.OpenTelemetry" Version="0.2.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Sentry.Serilog" Version="3.23.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Sentry" Version="3.23.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Sentry.AspNetCore.Grpc" Version="3.22.0" />
@@ -42,10 +48,11 @@
       <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
       <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
     </PackageReference>
+    <PackageReference Include="System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource" Version="8.0.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Extensions.Cocona\Libplanet.Extensions.Cocona.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\tools\Libplanet.Extensions.Cocona\Libplanet.Extensions.Cocona.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\Lib9c.Utils\Lib9c.Utils.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\Lib9c.Abstractions\Lib9c.Abstractions.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\NineChronicles.Headless\NineChronicles.Headless.csproj" />
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Program.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Program.cs
index fe5ec281a..00677e2fd 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Program.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Program.cs
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@
 using OpenTelemetry;
 using OpenTelemetry.Metrics;
 using Nekoyume;
+using OpenTelemetry.Resources;
+using OpenTelemetry.Trace;
 
 namespace NineChronicles.Headless.Executable
 {
@@ -474,15 +476,40 @@ IActionLoader MakeSingleActionLoader()
                         MaxTransactionPerBlock = headlessConfig.MaxTransactionPerBlock
                     };
                 var arenaMemoryCache = new StateMemoryCache();
+                string otlpEndpoint = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OTLP_ENDPOINT") ?? "http://localhost:4317";
                 hostBuilder.ConfigureServices(services =>
                 {
                     services.AddSingleton(_ => standaloneContext);
                     services.AddSingleton<ConcurrentDictionary<string, ITransaction>>();
                     services.AddOpenTelemetry()
+                        .ConfigureResource(resource => resource.AddService(
+                                serviceName: Assembly.GetEntryAssembly()?.GetName().Name ?? "NineChronicles.Headless",
+                                serviceVersion: Assembly.GetEntryAssembly()?.GetName().Version?.ToString(),
+                                serviceInstanceId: Environment.MachineName
+                            ).AddAttributes(new Dictionary<string, object>
+                            {
+                                { "deployment.environment", Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT") ?? "Unknown" },
+                            }))
                         .WithMetrics(
                             builder => builder
                                 .AddMeter("NineChronicles")
-                                .AddPrometheusExporter());
+                                .AddMeter("MagicOnion.Server")
+                                .AddAspNetCoreInstrumentation()
+                                .AddRuntimeInstrumentation()
+                                .AddPrometheusExporter())
+                        .WithTracing(
+                            builder => builder
+                                .AddSource("Lib9c.Action.HackAndSlash")
+                                .AddSource("Libplanet.Action.State")
+                                .AddSource("Libplanet.Blockchain.BlockChainStates")
+                                //.AddAspNetCoreInstrumentation()
+                                .AddGrpcClientInstrumentation()
+                                .AddProcessor(new Pyroscope.OpenTelemetry.PyroscopeSpanProcessor())
+                                .AddOtlpExporter(opt =>
+                                {
+                                    opt.Endpoint = new Uri(otlpEndpoint, UriKind.Absolute);
+                                })
+                        );
 
                     // worker
                     if (arenaParticipantsSync)
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Store/AnonymousStore.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Store/AnonymousStore.cs
index c703c9bc5..ee450e50a 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Store/AnonymousStore.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Executable/Store/AnonymousStore.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 using Libplanet.Crypto;
 using Libplanet.Store;
 using Libplanet.Types.Blocks;
+using Libplanet.Types.Evidence;
 using Libplanet.Types.Tx;
 
 namespace NineChronicles.Headless.Executable.Store;
@@ -49,9 +50,15 @@ public class AnonymousStore : IStore
     public Action<BlockCommit> PutBlockCommit { get; set; }
     public Action<BlockHash> DeleteBlockCommit { get; set; }
     public Func<IEnumerable<BlockHash>> GetBlockCommitHashes { get; set; }
-    public Func<BlockHash, HashDigest<SHA256>?> GetNextStateRootHash { get; set; }
-    public Action<BlockHash, HashDigest<SHA256>> PutNextStateRootHash { get; set; }
-    public Action<BlockHash> DeleteNextStateRootHash { get; set; }
+    public Func<IEnumerable<EvidenceId>> IteratePendingEvidenceIds { get; set; }
+    public Func<EvidenceId, EvidenceBase?> GetPendingEvidence { get; set; }
+    public Func<EvidenceId, EvidenceBase?> GetCommittedEvidence { get; set; }
+    public Action<EvidenceBase> PutPendingEvidence { get; set; }
+    public Action<EvidenceBase> PutCommittedEvidence { get; set; }
+    public Action<EvidenceId> DeletePendingEvidence { get; set; }
+    public Action<EvidenceId> DeleteCommittedEvidence { get; set; }
+    public Func<EvidenceId, bool> ContainsPendingEvidence { get; set; }
+    public Func<EvidenceId, bool> ContainsCommittedEvidence { get; set; }
 #pragma warning restore CS8618
 
     void IDisposable.Dispose()
@@ -243,18 +250,48 @@ IEnumerable<BlockHash> IStore.GetBlockCommitHashes()
         return GetBlockCommitHashes();
     }
 
-    HashDigest<SHA256>? IStore.GetNextStateRootHash(BlockHash blockHash)
+    IEnumerable<EvidenceId> IStore.IteratePendingEvidenceIds()
     {
-        return GetNextStateRootHash(blockHash);
+        return IteratePendingEvidenceIds();
     }
 
-    void IStore.PutNextStateRootHash(BlockHash blockHash, HashDigest<SHA256> nextStateRootHash)
+    EvidenceBase? IStore.GetPendingEvidence(EvidenceId evidenceId)
     {
-        PutNextStateRootHash(blockHash, nextStateRootHash);
+        return GetPendingEvidence(evidenceId);
     }
 
-    void IStore.DeleteNextStateRootHash(BlockHash blockHash)
+    EvidenceBase? IStore.GetCommittedEvidence(EvidenceId evidenceId)
     {
-        DeleteNextStateRootHash(blockHash);
+        return GetCommittedEvidence(evidenceId);
+    }
+
+    void IStore.PutPendingEvidence(EvidenceBase evidence)
+    {
+        PutPendingEvidence(evidence);
+    }
+
+    void IStore.PutCommittedEvidence(EvidenceBase evidence)
+    {
+        PutCommittedEvidence(evidence);
+    }
+
+    void IStore.DeletePendingEvidence(EvidenceId evidenceId)
+    {
+        DeletePendingEvidence(evidenceId);
+    }
+
+    void IStore.DeleteCommittedEvidence(EvidenceId evidenceId)
+    {
+        DeleteCommittedEvidence(evidenceId);
+    }
+
+    bool IStore.ContainsPendingEvidence(EvidenceId evidenceId)
+    {
+        return ContainsPendingEvidence(evidenceId);
+    }
+
+    bool IStore.ContainsCommittedEvidence(EvidenceId evidenceId)
+    {
+        return ContainsCommittedEvidence(evidenceId);
     }
 }
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphQLTestUtils.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphQLTestUtils.cs
index 9ef27e239..fbb31bb66 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphQLTestUtils.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphQLTestUtils.cs
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ InitializeStates initializeStates
                 0,
                 block.Hash,
                 ValidatorPrivateKeys.Select(
-                    k => new VoteMetadata(block.Index, 0, block.Hash, block.Timestamp, k.PublicKey, VoteFlag.PreCommit).Sign(k))
+                    k => new VoteMetadata(block.Index, 0, block.Hash, block.Timestamp, k.PublicKey, null, VoteFlag.PreCommit).Sign(k))
                 .ToImmutableArray());
 
             blockchain.Append(block, blockCommit);
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphTypes/GraphQLTestBase.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphTypes/GraphQLTestBase.cs
index fe63fda43..b6ff30cbd 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphTypes/GraphQLTestBase.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphTypes/GraphQLTestBase.cs
@@ -244,6 +244,7 @@ protected LibplanetNodeService CreateLibplanetNodeService(
                             hash,
                             DateTimeOffset.UtcNow,
                             validator.PublicKey,
+                            null,
                             VoteFlag.PreCommit).Sign(validator)).ToImmutableArray())
                 : (BlockCommit?)null;
         }
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphTypes/TransactionHeadlessQueryTest.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphTypes/TransactionHeadlessQueryTest.cs
index 34ce0ce3b..9cb5a7c67 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphTypes/TransactionHeadlessQueryTest.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless.Tests/GraphTypes/TransactionHeadlessQueryTest.cs
@@ -427,6 +427,7 @@ private Task<ExecutionResult> ExecuteAsync(string query)
                             hash,
                             DateTimeOffset.UtcNow,
                             validator.PublicKey,
+                            null,
                             VoteFlag.PreCommit).Sign(validator)))
                 : (BlockCommit?)null;
         }
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless/GraphQLServiceExtensions.cs b/NineChronicles.Headless/GraphQLServiceExtensions.cs
index d25679287..07e1d6bca 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless/GraphQLServiceExtensions.cs
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless/GraphQLServiceExtensions.cs
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ public static IServiceCollection AddLibplanetScalarTypes(this IServiceCollection
             services.TryAddSingleton<Libplanet.Explorer.GraphTypes.HashDigestSHA256Type>();
             services.TryAddSingleton<Libplanet.Explorer.GraphTypes.KeyBytesType>();
             services.TryAddSingleton<Libplanet.Explorer.GraphTypes.TrieType>();
+            services.TryAddSingleton<Libplanet.Explorer.GraphTypes.EvidenceIdType>();
 
             return services;
         }
@@ -77,11 +78,13 @@ public static IServiceCollection AddLibplanetExplorer(this IServiceCollection se
             services.TryAddSingleton<BlockType>();
             services.TryAddSingleton<TransactionType>();
             services.TryAddSingleton<NodeStateType>();
+            services.TryAddSingleton<EvidenceType>();
             services.TryAddSingleton<BlockQuery>();
             services.TryAddSingleton<TransactionQuery>();
             services.TryAddSingleton<ExplorerQuery>();
             services.TryAddSingleton<HelperQuery>();
             services.TryAddSingleton<RawStateQuery>();
+            services.TryAddSingleton<EvidenceQuery>();
             services.TryAddSingleton(_ => new StateQuery()
             {
                 Name = "LibplanetStateQuery",
diff --git a/NineChronicles.Headless/NineChronicles.Headless.csproj b/NineChronicles.Headless/NineChronicles.Headless.csproj
index 6586f21b1..f01b9ba12 100644
--- a/NineChronicles.Headless/NineChronicles.Headless.csproj
+++ b/NineChronicles.Headless/NineChronicles.Headless.csproj
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\Lib9c.Policy\Lib9c.Policy.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\Lib9c.Renderers\Lib9c.Renderers.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\Lib9c.DevExtensions\Lib9c.DevExtensions.csproj" Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == 'DevEx' " />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Explorer\Libplanet.Explorer.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\Libplanet.Store.Remote\Libplanet.Store.Remote.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\tools\Libplanet.Explorer\Libplanet.Explorer.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\.Libplanet\src\Libplanet.Store.Remote\Libplanet.Store.Remote.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Lib9c\Libplanet.Crypto.Secp256k1\Libplanet.Crypto.Secp256k1.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Libplanet.Headless\Libplanet.Headless.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\NineChronicles.RPC.Shared\NineChronicles.RPC.Shared\NineChronicles.RPC.Shared.csproj" />
@@ -36,14 +36,15 @@
     <PackageReference Include="GraphQL.Server.Transports.Subscriptions.WebSockets" Version="5.1.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="GraphQL.Server.Ui.Playground" Version="5.1.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="GraphQL.SystemTextJson" Version="4.7.1" />
-    <PackageReference Include="MagicOnion" Version="5.0.3" />
-    <PackageReference Include="MagicOnion.Abstractions" Version="5.0.3" />
-    <PackageReference Include="MagicOnion.Server" Version="5.0.3" />
-    <PackageReference Include="MagicOnion.Server.HttpGateway" Version="5.0.3" />
+    <PackageReference Include="MagicOnion" Version="6.1.3" />
+    <PackageReference Include="MagicOnion.Abstractions" Version="6.1.3" />
+    <PackageReference Include="MagicOnion.Server" Version="6.1.3" />
+    <PackageReference Include="MagicOnion.Server.HttpGateway" Version="6.1.3" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer" Version="6.0.25" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Data.Sqlite" Version="7.0.11" />
     <PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="13.0.2" />
     <PackageReference Include="NRedisStack" Version="0.9.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Pyroscope" Version="0.8.14" />
     <PackageReference Include="Sentry" Version="3.23.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Sentry.AspNetCore.Grpc" Version="3.22.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Sentry.DiagnosticSource" Version="3.22.0" />
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@
       <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
       <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
     </PackageReference>
+    <PackageReference Include="System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource" Version="8.0.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>