first commit

Author: ninosanta

Extras/mario.py

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+# Debugging
+
+
+def main():
+    height = int(input("Height: "))
+    pyramid(height)
+
+
+def pyramid(height):
+    for i in range(height):
+        # print(i, end=" ")
+        print("#" * (i + 1))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

Extras/style.pdf

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+# `black style.py` from CLI formatted this file
+students = {
+    "Hermione": "Griffindor",
+    "Harry": "Griffindor",
+    "Draco": "Slytherin",
+    "Ron": "Griffindor",
+}
+for student in students:
+    print(student)

Extras/style.py

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+# Ask user for their name
+name = input("Hello, friend. What is your name? ")  # input gets a string from stdio
+# and stores it in a variable
+# Say hello to the user
+print("hello, " + name)
+print("hello,", name)  # multiple arguments to print lead to automatic space addition
+
+
+""" Named Parameters """
+# in official python documentation we find:
+#       print(*objects, sep=' ', end='\n', file=sys.stdout, flush=False)
+# so it may receive many parameters and some of them are optional and
+# others are the so-called named parameters.
+# Those named parameters have a default value e.g., the end default value is
+# the '\n' so that the print function adds everytime the '\n' at its end!
+print("hello, ", end="")  # no new line!
+print(name)
+print("hello,", name, sep="_")
+
+# quotes in print
+print('hello, "friend" or...', 'hello, "friend"')
+
+# Special string: format String or f-String
+print(f"hello, {name}")  # watchout for the f before the string!
+
+
+#############################################################
+#                       String Methods                      #
+#############################################################
+name = "     pippo   johnny   "
+
+name = name.strip()  # remove whitespaces from str
+name = name.capitalize()  # capitalize user's name
+print(f"hello, {name}")
+name = name.title()  # title book capitalization
+print(f"hello, {name}")
+
+# function chaining
+name = input("What is your name bro?\n").strip().title()
+print(f"Hello, {name}")
+
+# Splitting strings:
+#   split user's name into first and last name
+first_name, last_name = name.split(" ")
+print(f"Hello, {first_name}")

Lecture 00 - Functions, Variables/00_hello.py

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+##############################################################
+#                         Integers                           #
+##############################################################
+x = input("What's x? ")
+y = input("What's y? ")
+z = int(x) + int(y)
+
+print(z)
+
+# Nesting functions... exaggerating a bit
+print("")
+print(int(input("What's x? ")) + int(input("What's y? ")))
+
+
+##############################################################
+#                         Floats                             #
+##############################################################
+x = float(input("What's x? "))
+y = float(input("What's y? "))
+
+print(x + y)
+
+# Rounding the result: round(number[ , ndigits])
+print(round(x + y, 0))
+
+z = round(x + y)
+print(f"{z}")
+print(f"{z:,}")  # thousands separator US: 1,000
+
+"""Divisions"""
+z = round(x / y, 2)  # e.g., x = 2, y = 3 -> z = 0.67
+print(f"{(x / y):.2f}")  # same result

Lecture 00 - Functions, Variables/01_calculator.py

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+#############################################################
+#                       Functions                           #
+#############################################################
+def main():
+    name = input("What is your name? ")
+    hello()  # it will use the  default value of `to`
+    hello(name)
+
+    x = int(input("What's x? "))
+    print(f"{x} squared is {square(x)}")
+
+
+def square(n):
+    return n**2  # same as: return n * n, or pow(n, 2)
+
+
+def hello(to="World"):
+    print(f"Hello, {to}!")
+
+
+main()  # in this way we can call `hello()` even though it
+# is defined after `main()`

Lecture 00 - Functions, Variables/02_functions.py

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+def main1():
+    x = int(input("What's x? "))
+    y = int(input("What's y? "))
+
+    if x < y:
+        print("x is less than y")
+    elif x == y:
+        print("x and y are equal")
+    else:
+        print("x is greater than y")
+
+
+# OR
+def main2():
+    x = int(input("What's x? "))
+    y = int(input("What's y? "))
+
+    if x < y or x > y:  # x != y
+        print("x is not equal to y")
+    else:
+        print("x and y are equal")
+
+
+def grade():
+    score = int(input("Score: "))
+
+    if score >= 90 and score <= 100:  # AND
+        print("Grade: A")
+    elif 80 <= score < 90:  # BETWEEN
+        print("Grade: B")
+    elif score >= 70:  # simplyfication: not necessary to write >= 70 and <= 79
+        print("Grade: C")
+    elif score >= 60:  # as above, because the first condition met represents the score
+        print("Grade: D")
+    else:
+        print("Grade: F")
+
+
+def parody():
+    x = int(input("What's x? "))
+
+    if x % 2 == 0:
+        print("x is even")
+    else:
+        print("x is odd")
+
+
+# Booleans
+def is_even(x):
+    if x % 2 == 0:
+        return True  # capital T!
+    else:
+        return False  # capital F!
+
+
+def is_even_pythonic(x):
+    return True if x % 2 == 0 else False  # like as we would say in English
+
+
+def is_even_best(y):
+    return y % 2 == 0  # elegant
+
+
+def check_even():
+    x = int(input("What's x? "))
+
+    if is_even_best(x):
+        print("x is even")
+    else:
+        print("x is odd")
+
+
+# Match
+def house():
+    name = input("What's your name? ").capitalize()
+
+    match name:
+        case "Harry" | "Hermione" | "Ron":
+            print("Griffindor")
+        case "Draco":
+            print("Slytherin")
+        case _:  # default
+            print("Who?")
+
+
+house()

Lecture 00 - Functions, Variables/lecture0.html

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+# Home Federal Savings Bank
+
+In [season 7, episode 24](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Invitations) of [Seinfeld](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seinfeld), [Kramer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmo_Kramer) [visits a bank](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IN6cJ_wGmsk) that promises to give `$100` to anyone who isn’t greeted with a “hello.” Kramer is instead greeted with a “hey,” which he insists isn’t a “hello,” and so he asks for `$100`. The bank’s manager proposes a compromise: “You got a greeting that starts with an ‘h,’ how does `$20` sound?” Kramer accepts.
+
+
+In a file called `bank.py`, implement a program that prompts the user for a greeting. If the greeting starts starts with “hello”, output `$0`. If the greeting starts with an “h” (but not “hello”), output `$20`. Otherwise, output `$100`. Ignore any leading whitespace in the user’s greeting, and treat the user’s greeting case-insensitively.
+

Lecture 00 - Functions, Variables/lecture0.pdf

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+def main():
+    greeting = input("Greeting: ")
+    print(f"${value(greeting)}")
+
+
+def value(greeting):
+    str = greeting.lower()
+
+    if str.startswith("hello"):
+        return 0
+    elif str.startswith("h"):
+        return 20
+    else:
+        return 100
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()