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k5prog.c
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/* Quansheng UV-K5 EEPROM programmer v0.9
* (c) 2023 Jacek Lipkowski <sq5bpf@lipkowski.org>
*
* This program can read and write the EEPROM of Quansheng UVK5 Mark II
* and probably other similar radios via the serial port.
*
* It can read/write arbitrary data, and might be useful for reverse
* engineering the radio configuration.
*
* It can also flash you radio, which has a very high probability of
* permanently breaking your radio. The flash image is an unencrypted
* image, without the version inserted at 0x2000.
*
* Use at your own risk.
*
*
* This program is licensed under the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE v3
* License text avaliable at: http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
*/
/*
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include "uvk5.h"
#define VERSION "Quansheng UV-K5 EEPROM programmer v0.9 (c) 2023 Jacek Lipkowski <sq5bpf@lipkowski.org>"
#define MODE_NONE 0
#define MODE_READ 1
#define MODE_WRITE 2
#define MODE_WRITE_MOST 3
#define MODE_WRITE_ALL 4
#define MODE_FLASH_DEBUG 5
#define MODE_FLASH 6
#define MODE_VERSION 7
#define MODE_DEXOR 8
#define MODE_ADC 9
#define MODE_RSSI 10
#define UVK5_EEPROM_SIZE 0x2000
#define UVK5_EEPROM_SIZE_WITHOUT_CALIBRATION 0x1d00
#define UVK5_EEPROM_BLOCKSIZE 0x80
#define UVK5_PREPARE_TRIES 10
/* actually the flash is bigger, but there is a bootloader at 0xf000 that we don't want to overwrite
* if you're really brave, then you can modify the code by changing UVK5_MAX_FLASH_SIZE to 0x10000
* and probably flash the bootloader too, but i would really advise against doing this
*
* maybe at some point i will make a command line flag for this
*/
#define UVK5_MAX_FLASH_SIZE 0xf000
#define UVK5_FLASH_BLOCKSIZE 0x100
#define DEFAULT_SERIAL_PORT "/dev/ttyUSB0"
#define DEFAULT_FILE_NAME "k5_eeprom.raw"
#define DEFAULT_FLASH_NAME "k5_flash.raw"
/* the vendor flasher sends the firmware version like "2.01.23" */
#define DEFAULT_FLASH_VERSION "*.01.23"
/* globals */
speed_t ser_speed = B38400;
char *ser_port = DEFAULT_SERIAL_PORT;
int verbose = 0;
int mode = MODE_NONE;
char *file = DEFAULT_FILE_NAME;
char *flash_file = DEFAULT_FLASH_NAME;
int flash_length=0;
char flash_version_string[16] = DEFAULT_FLASH_VERSION;
int write_offset = 0;
int write_length = -1;
int i_know_what_im_doing = 0; /* flag the user sets to confirm that he thinks he knows what he's doing */
struct k5_command {
unsigned char *cmd;
int len;
unsigned char *obfuscated_cmd;
int obfuscated_len;
int crcok;
};
/**** commands ********/
unsigned char uvk5_hello2[] = { 0x14, 0x05, 0x04, 0x00, 0x9f, 0x25, 0x5a, 0x64 };
/* commands:
* 0x14 - hello
* 0x1b - read EEPROM
* 0x1d - write EEPROM
* 0x27 - read RSSI
* 0x29 - read ADC
* 0xdd - reset radio
*/
/*
* flash commands:
* 0x30 - say hello to the radio and present the version (reply is also 0x18)
* 0x19 - send flash block (reply from radio is 0x1a)
*
* from the radio:
* 0x18 - broadcast from the radio when flash mode is enabled
*
*/
/* the last 6 bytes have to be the same for each "session" */
unsigned char uvk5_hello[] = { 0x14, 0x5, 0x4, 0x0, 0x6a, 0x39, 0x57, 0x64 };
unsigned char uvk5_readmem1[] = { 0x1b, 0x5, 0x8, 0x0, 0x80, 0xe, 0x80, 0x0, 0x6a, 0x39, 0x57, 0x64 }; /* byte6 - length (max 0x80), byte 4 (lsb) ,5 (msb) address */
unsigned char uvk5_writemem1[] = { 0x1d, 0x5, 0x18, 0x0, 0x50, 0xf, 0x10, 0x0, 0x14, 0xad, 0x5c, 0x64, 0x43, 0x48, 0x30, 0x30, 0x31, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 }; /* byte3 - command length, byte6 - data to be written length, byte4 - (lsb) byte5( msb) address, byte12-end data */
unsigned char uvk5_readrssi[] = { 0x27, 0x5, 0x0, 0x0 };
unsigned char uvk5_readadc[] = { 0x29, 0x5, 0x0, 0x0 };
unsigned char uvk5_reset[] = { 0xdd, 0x5, 0x0, 0x0 };
/* terrible hexdump ripped from some old code, please don't look */
void hdump(unsigned char *buf, int len)
{
int tmp1;
char adump[80];
int tmp2 = 0;
int tmp3 = 0;
unsigned char sss;
char hexz[] = "0123456789abcdef";
int lasttmp = 0;
printf("\n0x%6.6x |0 |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 |7 |8 |9 |a |b |c |d |e |f |\n", len);
printf("---------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+------------\n");
memset(&adump, ' ', 78);
adump[78] = 0;
for (tmp1 = 0; tmp1 < len; tmp1++) {
tmp2 = tmp1%16;
if (tmp2 == 0) {
if (tmp1 !=0 ) {
printf("0x%6.6x: %.69s\n",tmp3,adump);
lasttmp=tmp1;
}
memset(&adump, ' ', 78);
adump[78] = 0;
tmp3 = tmp1;
}
sss = buf[tmp1];
adump[tmp2*3] = hexz[sss/16];
adump[tmp2*3+1] = hexz[sss%16];
if (isprint(sss))
adump[tmp2+50]=sss;
else
adump[tmp2+50]='.';
}
//if (((tmp1%16)!=0)||(len==16))
// printf("0x%6.6x: %.69s\n", tmp3, adump);
if (lasttmp!=tmp1)
printf("0x%6.6x: %.69s\n", tmp3, adump);
}
int openport(char *port,speed_t speed)
{
int fd, len;
struct termios my_termios;
fd = open(port, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY);
if (fd < 0) {
printf("opening '%s' error %d: %s\n", port, errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
if (tcgetattr(fd, &my_termios)) {
printf("tcgetattr error %d %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
if (tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH)) {
printf("tcgetattr error %d %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
my_termios.c_cflag = CS8 | CREAD | CLOCAL | HUPCL;
cfmakeraw(&my_termios);
cfsetspeed(&my_termios, speed);
if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &my_termios)) {
fprintf(stderr, "tcsetattr error %d %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}
/* see if there is already data in the input buffer and
flush it if there is */
len=0;
ioctl(fd, FIONREAD, &len);
if (len>0) {
unsigned char *buf;
buf=malloc(len);
read(fd, buf, len);
free(buf);
}
return(fd);
}
/* read with timeout */
int read_timeout(int fd, unsigned char *buf, int maxlen, int timeout)
{
fd_set rfd;
int len = 0;
int ret;
struct timeval tv;
int nr;
unsigned char *buf2;
buf2 = buf;
FD_ZERO(&rfd);
while (1) {
FD_SET(fd,&rfd);
tv.tv_sec = timeout / 1000;
tv.tv_usec = (timeout % 1000) / 1000;
ret = select(fd+1, &rfd, 0, 0, &tv);
if (ret == 0) {
if (timeout) /* Only print if we requested a timeout */
fprintf(stderr, "read_timeout\n");
/* error or timeout */
break;
}
if (FD_ISSET(fd, &rfd)) {
nr = read(fd, buf, maxlen);
len = len + nr;
buf = buf + nr;
if (nr >= 0)
maxlen = maxlen - nr;
if (maxlen == 0)
break;
}
}
if (verbose > 2 && len > 0) {
printf("RXRXRX:\n");
hdump(buf2, len);
}
return(len);
}
void destroy_k5_struct(struct k5_command *cmd)
{
if (cmd->cmd) {
free(cmd->cmd);
cmd->cmd = NULL;
}
if (cmd->obfuscated_cmd) {
free(cmd->obfuscated_cmd);
cmd->obfuscated_cmd = NULL;
}
free(cmd);
cmd = NULL;
}
/* ripped from https://mdfs.net/Info/Comp/Comms/CRC16.htm */
uint16_t crc16xmodem(unsigned char *addr, int num, int crc)
{
#define poly 0x1021
int i;
for (; num>0; num--) {
/* Step through bytes in memory */
crc = crc ^ (*addr++ << 8); /* Fetch byte from memory, XOR into CRC top byte*/
for (i=0; i<8; i++) {
/* Prepare to rotate 8 bits */
crc = crc << 1; /* rotate */
if (crc & 0x10000) /* bit 15 was set (now bit 16)... */
crc = (crc ^ poly) & 0xFFFF; /* XOR with XMODEM polynomic */
/* and ensure CRC remains 16-bit value */
} /* Loop for 8 bits */
} /* Loop until num=0 */
return(crc); /* Return updated CRC */
}
/* (de)obfuscate the string using xor */
void xorarr(unsigned char *inarr, int len)
{
int len2 = 0;
unsigned char k5_xor_array[16] = {
0x16 , 0x6c , 0x14 , 0xe6 , 0x2e , 0x91 , 0x0d , 0x40 ,
0x21 , 0x35 , 0xd5 , 0x40 , 0x13 , 0x03 , 0xe9 , 0x80
};
while (len2 < len) {
*inarr = *inarr ^ k5_xor_array[len2 % sizeof(k5_xor_array)];
len2++;
inarr++;
}
}
/* hexdump a k5_command struct */
void k5_hexdump(struct k5_command *cmd) {
printf ("******** k5 command hexdump [obf_len:%i clear_len:%i crc_ok:%i **********\n", cmd->obfuscated_len, cmd->len, cmd->crcok);
if (cmd->obfuscated_cmd) {
printf("## obfuscated ##\n");
hdump(cmd->obfuscated_cmd, cmd->obfuscated_len);
}
if (cmd->cmd) {
printf("## cleartext ##\n");
hdump(cmd->cmd, cmd->len);
}
printf("*****************\n");
}
/* obfuscate a k5 datagram */
int k5_obfuscate(struct k5_command *cmd)
{
uint16_t c;
if (!cmd->cmd)
return(0);
if (cmd->obfuscated_cmd) {
free (cmd->obfuscated_cmd);
cmd->obfuscated_cmd = NULL;
}
cmd->obfuscated_len = cmd->len+8; /* header + length + data + crc + footer */
cmd->obfuscated_cmd = calloc(cmd->obfuscated_len,1);
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[0] = 0xab;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[1] = 0xcd;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[2] = (cmd->len) & 0xff;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[3] = (cmd->len >> 8) & 0xff;
memcpy((cmd->obfuscated_cmd) + 4, cmd->cmd, cmd->len);
c = crc16xmodem((cmd->obfuscated_cmd) + 4, cmd->len, 0);
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->len + 4] = c & 0xff;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->len + 5] = (c >> 8) & 0xff;
xorarr((cmd->obfuscated_cmd) + 4, cmd->len + 2);
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->len + 6] = 0xdc;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->len + 7] = 0xba;
cmd->crcok = 1;
return(1);
}
/* deobfuscate a k5 datagram and verify it */
int k5_deobfuscate(struct k5_command *cmd)
{
uint16_t c,d;
if (!cmd->obfuscated_cmd)
return(0);
if (cmd->cmd) {
free (cmd->cmd);
cmd->cmd = NULL;
}
/* check the obfuscated datagram */
if ((cmd->obfuscated_cmd[0] != 0xab) || (cmd->obfuscated_cmd[1] != 0xcd)) {
//bad header
if (verbose > 2) {
printf("bad header\n");
k5_hexdump(cmd);
}
return(0);
}
if ((cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->obfuscated_len-2] != 0xdc) || (cmd->obfuscated_cmd[cmd->obfuscated_len-1] != 0xba)) {
//bad footer
if (verbose > 2) {
printf("bad footer\n");
k5_hexdump(cmd);
}
return(0);
}
cmd->len = cmd->obfuscated_len - 6; /* header + length + data + crc + footer */
cmd->cmd = calloc(cmd->len, 1);
memcpy(cmd->cmd,cmd->obfuscated_cmd+4, cmd->len);
xorarr(cmd->cmd,cmd->len);
c = crc16xmodem(cmd->cmd,cmd->len-2, 0);
d = (cmd->cmd[cmd->len-2]) | (cmd->cmd[cmd->len-1] << 8);
//if ((*cmd->cmd[*cmd->cmd-2]==(c&0xff))&&(*cmd->cmd[*cmd->cmd-2]==((c<<8)&0xff)))
/* the protocol looks like it would use crc from the radio to the pc, but instead the radio sends 0xffff */
if (d == 0xffff) {
cmd->crcok = 1;
cmd->len = cmd->len - 2; /* skip crc */
} else {
if (d == c) {
printf("** the protocol actually uses proper crc on datagrams from the radio, please inform the author of the radio/firmware version\n");
k5_hexdump(cmd);
}
cmd->crcok = 0;
if (verbose > 2) {
printf("bad crc 0x%4.4x (should be 0x%4.4x)\n", d, c);
k5_hexdump(cmd);
}
cmd->len = cmd->len - 2; /* skip crc */
return(0);
}
return(1);
}
/* obfuscate a command, send it */
int k5_send_cmd(int fd,struct k5_command *cmd) {
int l;
if (!k5_obfuscate(cmd)) {
fprintf(stderr, "obfuscate error!\n");
return(0);
}
if (verbose > 1)
k5_hexdump(cmd);
l = write(fd, cmd->obfuscated_cmd, cmd->obfuscated_len);
if (verbose > 2)
printf("write %i\n", l);
return(1);
}
int k5_send_buf(int fd,unsigned char *buf,int len) {
int l;
struct k5_command *cmd;
cmd = calloc(sizeof(struct k5_command), 1);
cmd->len = len;
cmd->cmd = malloc(cmd->len);
memcpy(cmd->cmd, buf,len);
l = k5_send_cmd(fd, cmd);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(l);
}
/* receive a response, deobfuscate it */
struct k5_command *k5_receive(int fd,int tmout) {
unsigned char buf[4];
struct k5_command *cmd;
int len;
len = read_timeout(fd, buf, sizeof(buf), 10000); /* wait 500ms */
if (len > 0) {
if (verbose > 2) {
printf("magic:\n");
hdump((unsigned char *)&buf, len);
}
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "k5_receive: err read1\n");
return(0);
}
/* During plugging in etc we can receive a single byte.
* Handle this case here. */
if (len != sizeof(buf)) {
fprintf(stderr, "k5_receive: got %d expected %ld\n", len, sizeof(buf));
return(0);
}
if ((buf[0] != 0xab) || (buf[1] != 0xcd)) {
fprintf(stderr, "k5_receive: bad magic number\n");
/* Assume we are out of sync and flush rx buffer by reading everything.
* This works because the boot message is repeated. */
while (len > 0)
len = read_timeout(fd, (unsigned char *)&buf, sizeof(buf), 10000);
return(0);
}
if (buf[3] != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "k5_receive: it seems that byte 3 can be something else than 0, please notify the author\n");
return(0);
}
cmd = calloc(sizeof(struct k5_command), 1);
cmd->obfuscated_len = buf[2] + 8;
cmd->obfuscated_cmd = calloc(cmd->obfuscated_len, 1);
memcpy(cmd->obfuscated_cmd, buf, 4);
len = read_timeout(fd, cmd->obfuscated_cmd+4, buf[2]+4, tmout); /* wait 500ms */
if ((len + 4) != (cmd->obfuscated_len)) {
fprintf(stderr,"k5_receive err read1 len=%i wanted=%i\n", len, cmd->obfuscated_len);
return(0);
}
/* deobfuscate */
k5_deobfuscate(cmd);
if (verbose > 2)
k5_hexdump(cmd);
return(cmd);
}
/******************************/
/* EEPROM read/write support */
/******************************/
int k5_readmem(int fd, unsigned char *buf, unsigned char maxlen, int offset)
{
unsigned char readmem[sizeof(uvk5_readmem1)];
int r;
struct k5_command *cmd;
if (verbose > 1)
printf("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ readmem offset=0x%4.4x len=0x%2.2x\n", offset, maxlen);
/* byte6 - length (max 0x80), byte 4 (lsb) ,5 (msb) address */
memcpy(readmem, uvk5_readmem1, sizeof(uvk5_readmem1));
readmem[6] = maxlen;
readmem[4] = offset & 0xff;
readmem[5] = (offset >> 8) & 0xff;
r = k5_send_buf(fd, readmem, sizeof(readmem));
if (!r)
return(0);
cmd = k5_receive(fd,10000);
if (!cmd)
return(0);
if (verbose > 2)
k5_hexdump(cmd);
memcpy(buf, cmd->cmd+8, cmd->len-8);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(1);
}
int k5_writemem(int fd, unsigned char *buf, unsigned char len, int offset)
{
unsigned char writemem[512];
int r;
struct k5_command *cmd;
if (verbose>1)
printf("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ writemem offset=0x%4.4x len=0x%2.2x\n",offset,len);
/* byte6 - length (max 0x80), byte 4 (lsb) ,5 (msb) address */
writemem[0] = 0x1d;
writemem[1] = 0x5;
writemem[2] = len+8;
writemem[3] = 0;
writemem[4] = offset & 0xff;
writemem[5] = (offset>>8) & 0xff;
writemem[6] = len;
writemem[7] = 1;
writemem[8] = 0x6a;
writemem[9] = 0x39;
writemem[10] = 0x57;
writemem[11] = 0x64;
memcpy((unsigned char *)&writemem+12, buf, len);
r = k5_send_buf(fd, writemem, len+12);
if (!r)
return(0);
cmd = k5_receive(fd,10000);
if (!cmd)
return(0);
if (verbose>2)
k5_hexdump(cmd);
if (((cmd->cmd[0]) != 0x1e) || ((cmd->cmd[4]) != writemem[4]) || ((cmd->cmd[5]) != writemem[5])) {
fprintf(stderr,"bad write confirmation\n");
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(0);
}
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(1);
}
/* reset the radio */
int k5_reset(int fd)
{
int r;
if (verbose>1)
printf("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ reset\n");
r = k5_send_buf(fd, uvk5_reset, sizeof(uvk5_reset));
return(r);
}
/* end of EEPROM read/write support */
/******************************/
/* flash read/write support */
/******************************/
/* wait for a "i'm in flashing mode" message */
int wait_flash_message(int fd, int ntimes) {
struct k5_command *cmd;
int ok=0;
char buf[17];
int i,j;
while (ntimes) {
ntimes--;
if (verbose > 1) {
printf("wait_flash_message try %i\n",ntimes);
}
cmd = k5_receive(fd, 10000);
if (!cmd) {
/* No need to print, k5_receive already printed why it failed */
//printf("wait_flash_message: timeout\n");
continue;
}
if (verbose > 1)
k5_hexdump(cmd);
if (!cmd->cmd) {
printf("wait_flash_message: received malformed packet\n");
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
continue;
}
if ((cmd->cmd[0] != 0x18) && (cmd->cmd[1] != 0x05)) {
printf("wait_flash_message: got unexpected command type 0x%2.2x 0x%2.2x\n", cmd->cmd[1], cmd->cmd[0]);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
continue;
}
/* 36 is normal length, 22 is sent by some LSENG UV-K5 clone,
* 20 is sent by some other version, so just use an arbitrarily chosen range */
if ((cmd->len < 18) || (cmd->len > 50)) {
printf("wait_flash_message: got unexpected command length %i\n", cmd->len);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
continue;
}
/*
* this is what a "i'm in flashing mode" packet looks like
*
*
* 0x000024 |0 |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 |7 |8 |9 |a |b |c |d |e |f |
* ---------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+------------
* 0x000000: 18 05 20 00 01 02 02 06 1c 53 50 4a 37 47 ff 0f .. ......SPJ7G..
* 0x000010: 8c 00 53 00 32 2e 30 30 2e 30 36 00 34 0a 00 00 ..S.2.00.06.4...
* 0x000020: 00 00 00 20 ...
*/
/* all is good, so break */
ok=1;
break;
}
if (!ok) {
printf("wait_flash_message: no flash message from radio\n");
return(0);
}
for (i=0; i<(sizeof(buf)-1); i++) {
j = i + 0x14;
if (j >= cmd->len)
break;
if (!isprint(cmd->cmd[j]))
break;
buf[i] = cmd->cmd[j];
}
buf[i] = 0;
printf("Flasher version is: [%s]\n", buf);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(1);
}
/* sends the version of firmware that we will be flashing,
* unobfuscated firmware will have the version number in 16 bytes at 0x2000
* probably these bytes are sent.
*
* the vendor flasher sends the real version, something like 2.01.23
* if we send a * as the first character, then all known bootloaders
* will accept it
*/
int k5_send_flash_version_message(int fd,char *version_string)
{
int r;
struct k5_command *cmd;
//unsigned char uvk5_flash_version[]={ 0x30, 0x5, 0x10, 0x0, '2', '.', '0', '1', '.', '2', '3', 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0};
unsigned char uvk5_flash_version[] = {0x30, 0x5, 0x10, 0x0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0};
strncpy((char *)&uvk5_flash_version+4, flash_version_string, 16);
r = k5_send_buf(fd, uvk5_flash_version, sizeof(uvk5_flash_version));
if (!r)
return(0);
/* check if we're still getting packets, usually this is a 0x18 type packet, but not sure what else the radio can send */
cmd = k5_receive(fd, 10000);
if (!cmd)
return(0);
if (verbose > 1)
k5_hexdump(cmd);
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
return(1);
}
int k5_writeflash(int fd, unsigned char *buf, int len, int offset, int max_flash_addr)
{
int l;
unsigned char writeflash[512];
int ok=0;
int r;
struct k5_command *cmd;
if (verbose > 1)
printf("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ writeflash offset=0x%4.4x len=0x%2.2x\n", offset, len);
memset(writeflash, 0, sizeof(writeflash));
/* 0x19 0x5 0xc 0x1 0x8a 0x8d 0x9f 0x1d
* address_msb address_lsb 0xe6 0x0 length_msb length_lsb 0x0 0x0
* [0x100 bytes of data, if length is <0x100 then fill the rest with zeroes] */
writeflash[0] = 0x19;
writeflash[1] = 0x05;
/* bytes 2,3: length is 0x10c */
writeflash[2] = 0x0c;
writeflash[3] = 0x01;
writeflash[4] = 0x8a;
writeflash[5] = 0x8d;
writeflash[6] = 0x9f;
writeflash[7] = 0x1d;
writeflash[8] = (offset >> 8) & 0xff;
writeflash[9] = offset & 0xff;
//writeflash[10]=0xe6;
writeflash[10] = (max_flash_addr>>8) & 0xff;
writeflash[11] = 0x00;
//writeflash[11]=max_flash_addr&0xff;
writeflash[12] = len & 0xff;
writeflash[13] = (len>>8) & 0xff;
writeflash[14] = 0x00;
writeflash[15] = 0x00;
//memcpy((unsigned char *)&writeflash+16, buf, len);
memcpy(writeflash+16, buf, len);
r = k5_send_buf(fd, writeflash, 0x100+16); /* we always send 0x100 bytes, header is 16 bytes */
if (!r)
return(0);
/* wait for a reply packet */
l = 5;
while(l) {
cmd = k5_receive(fd, 10000);
l--;
if (!cmd) {
usleep(1000);
continue;
}
if (verbose > 1) {
printf("||||| reply packet after flash command\n");
k5_hexdump(cmd);
}
/* we're still getting "i'm in flash mode packets", can happen after the first flash command, ignore it */
if ((cmd->cmd[0]==0x18) && (cmd->cmd[1] == 0x05) && (cmd->cmd[2] == 0x20) && (cmd->cmd[3] == 0x0) && (cmd->cmd[4] == 0x1) && (cmd->cmd[5] == 0x2) && (cmd->cmd[6] == 0x2)) {
if (verbose > 1)
printf("&&&&| ignoring \"i'm in flash mode\" packet\n");
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
continue;
}
/* reply packet:
* 0x1a 0x5 0x8 0x0 0x8a 0x8d 0x9f 0x1d 0x0 0x0 0x0 0x0
*/
if (((cmd->cmd[0]) != 0x1a) || ((cmd->cmd[8]) != writeflash[8]) || ((cmd->cmd[9]) != writeflash[9])) {
fprintf(stderr,"bad write confirmation\n");
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
continue;
}
ok = 1;
destroy_k5_struct(cmd);
break;
}
if (!ok) {
printf("\n\nERROR: no confirmation for flash block 0x%4.4x, length 0x%4.4x\n\n", offset, len);
/* TODO: what do we do if there wasn't a proper confirmation? retry maybe? */
}
return(ok);
}
void helpme()
{
printf(
"cmdline opts:\n"
"-f <file>\tfilename that contains the eeprom dump (default: " DEFAULT_FILE_NAME ")\n"
"-b <file>\tfilename that contains the raw flash image (default " DEFAULT_FLASH_NAME ")\n"
"-Y \tincrease \"I know what I'm doing\" value, to enable functionality likely to break the radio\n"
"-D \twait for the message from the radio flasher, print it's version\n"
"-V \tread firmware version from radio and exit, good for testing serial connection with radio\n"
"-R \tread RSSI, noise and glitch from radio\n"
"-E \tread electrical data (voltage and current) from radio\n"
"-F \tflash firmware, WARNING: this will likely brick your radio!\n"
"-M <ver> \tSet the firmware major version to <ver> during the flash process (default: " DEFAULT_FLASH_VERSION ")\n"
"-r \tread eeprom\n"
"-w \twrite eeprom like the original software does\n"
"-W \twrite most of the EEPROM (but without what I think is calibration data)\n"
"-B \twrite ALL of the EEPROM (the \"brick my radio\" mode)\n"
"-p <port>\tdevice name (default: " DEFAULT_SERIAL_PORT ")\n"
"-s <speed>\tserial speed (default: 38400, the UV-K5 doesn't accept any other speed)\n"
"-h \tprint this help\n"
"-v \tbe verbose, use multiple times for more verbosity\n"
);
}
static speed_t baud_to_speed_t(int baud)
{
switch (baud) {
case 0:
return B0;
case 50:
return B50;
case 75:
return B75;
case 110:
return B110;
case 150:
return B150;
case 200:
return B200;
case 300:
return B300;
case 600:
return B600;
case 1200:
return B1200;
case 1800:
return B1800;
case 2400:
return B2400;
case 4800:
return B4800;
case 9600:
return B9600;
case 19200:
return B19200;
case 38400:
return B38400;
case 57600:
return B57600;
case 115200:
return B115200;
default:
return B0;
}
}
void parse_cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
{
int opt;
/* cmdline opts:
* -f <file>
* -b <flash file>
* -F (flash firmware)
* -r (read)
* -w (write)
* -p <port>
* -s <speed>
* -h (help)
* -v (verbose)
* -D (flashdebug)
* -F (flash)
* -Y (i know what i'm doing)
* -V (exit after hello/version command)
*/
while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "f:rwWBp:s:hvDEFRVXYb:M:")) != EOF) {
switch (opt) {
case 'h':
helpme();
exit(0);
break;
case 'v':
verbose++;
break;
case 'V':
mode = MODE_VERSION;
break;
case 'R':
mode = MODE_RSSI;
break;
case 'E':
mode = MODE_ADC;
break;
case 'Y':
i_know_what_im_doing++;
break;
case 'r':
mode = MODE_READ;
break;
case 'w':
mode = MODE_WRITE;
break;
case 'D':
mode = MODE_FLASH_DEBUG;
break;
case 'F':
mode = MODE_FLASH;
break;
case 'b':
flash_file = optarg;
break;
case 'M':
strncpy(flash_version_string, optarg, sizeof(flash_version_string)-1);
break;
case 'W':
mode = MODE_WRITE_MOST;
break;
case 'B':
mode = MODE_WRITE_ALL;
break;
case 'f':
file = optarg;
break;
case 'p':
ser_port = optarg;
break;
case 's':
ser_speed = baud_to_speed_t(atoi(optarg));
if (ser_speed == B0) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR, unknown speed %s\n", optarg);
exit(1);
break;
}
case 'X':
mode = MODE_DEXOR;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Unknown command line option %s\n",optarg);
exit(1);
break;
}
}
if ((mode == MODE_FLASH) && (write_offset%UVK5_FLASH_BLOCKSIZE != 0)) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: write offset has to be a multiple of %x\n", UVK5_FLASH_BLOCKSIZE);
exit(1);
}
if ((mode == MODE_WRITE) && (write_offset%UVK5_EEPROM_BLOCKSIZE != 0)) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: write offset has to be a multiple of %x\n", UVK5_EEPROM_BLOCKSIZE);
exit(1);
}
}
int write_file(char *name, unsigned char *buffer, int len)
{
int fd;
int l;
fd = open(name, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0600);
if (fd < 0) {
printf("open %s error %d %s\n", name,errno, strerror(errno));
return(-1);
}