various updates

Author: morrownr

README.md

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Note: Please start by reading the first menu item, USB WiFi adapter information
 
 12. [Compiling the Linux Mainline Kernel](./home/Compiling_the_Linux_Mainline_Kernel.md)
 
-13. FAQ - soon to be added. 
+13. [Frequently Asked Questions](./home/FAQ.md) 
 
 -----
 

home/AP_Mode/Bridged_Wireless_Access_Point.md

@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ Add the Environment=DAEMON_OPTS= line as shown below (remember to change <your_h
 Environment=DAEMON_OPTS="-d -K -f /home/<your_home>/hostapd.log"
 ```
 
-Change RestartSec=0 line as shown below
+Change RestartSec= line as shown below
 
 ```
 RestartSec=3

home/FAQ.md

@@ -1 +1,74 @@
+Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
+
+Question: I am having problems with my Alfa AXML or Alfa AXM or Comfast CF-953AX. The wifi is not working. It seems to crash when coming up. What can I do?
+
+Answer: This is a known problem that started in early 2024 around the time kernel 6.7 was released. There have been unsuccessful attempts to fix this problem. It is a strange problem in that it seems that bluetooth is involved. Most adapters with the mt7921au chipset do not have this problem. The 3 adapters listed in the question are the only 3 known to have this problem so it appears that something specific to these 3 adapters is causing the problem. Right now all that can be offered is a workaround.
+
+This workaround was posted by @ZerBea :
+
+Use one of the following Linux kernels:
+
+$ uname -r
+
+6.6.x
+
+or
+
+$ uname -r
+
+6.12.x
+
+Make sure you're running latest WiFi firmware:
+
+[18615.766176] mt7921u 1-9.3:1.3: WM Firmware Version: ____010000, Build Time: 20241106151045
+
+Disable BT stack:
+
+echo "install btusb /bin/false" >> /etc/modprobe.d/local-dontload.conf
+
+reboot or unload btusb
+
+connect the AXML to an USB2 port or a USB2 hub
+
+Now dmesg should print this:
+
+```
+[20844.686881] usb 1-9.3: new high-speed USB device number 12 using xhci_hcd
+[20844.818337] usb 1-9.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0e8d, idProduct=7961, bcdDevice= 1.00
+[20844.818343] usb 1-9.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=6, Product=7, SerialNumber=8
+[20844.818346] usb 1-9.3: Product: Wireless_Device
+[20844.818347] usb 1-9.3: Manufacturer: MediaTek Inc.
+[20844.818349] usb 1-9.3: SerialNumber: 000000000
+[20845.018645] usb 1-9.3: reset high-speed USB device number 12 using xhci_hcd
+[20845.159101] mt7921u 1-9.3:1.3: HW/SW Version: 0x8a108a10, Build Time: 20241106151007a
+[20845.420854] mt7921u 1-9.3:1.3: WM Firmware Version: ____010000, Build Time: 20241106151045
+[20847.020857] mt7921u 1-9.3:1.3 wlp22s0f0u9u3i3: renamed from wlan0
+
+```
+
+test monitor mode and packet injection:
+
+$ sudo hcxdumptool --rcascan=active --tot=1 -c 1a
+
+...
+
+^C
+
+132 Packet(s) captured by kernel
+
+0 Packet(s) dropped by kernel
+
+57 PROBERESPONSE(s) captured
+
+Monitor mode (device entered promiscuous mode) and packet injection (57 PROBERESPONSE(s) captured) is working!
+
+exit on sigterm
+
+$ sudo dmesg
+
+```
+[21146.046337] mt7921u 1-9.3:1.3 wlp22s0f0u9u3i3: entered promiscuous mode
+[21153.630136] mt7921u 1-9.3:1.3 wlp22s0f0u9u3i3: left promiscuous mode
+
+```
 

home/Recommended_Adapters_for_Kali_Linux.md

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ other adapters that may work but this list is designed to be a list of
 the best adapters that are available for purchase new at this time at
 reasonable prices.
 
-Note: The adapter that meets your needs can depend on exactly what you
-plan to do so asking questions is a good idea.
+Note: The adapter that best meets your needs can depend on exactly what
+you plan to do so asking questions is a good idea.
 
-Note: All listed adapters are 1) single-state (no Windows driver onboard), 2) single-function (wifi only) and 3) use Linux in-kernel drivers. These 3 characteristics contribute to the adapters being stable and reliable.
+Note: All listed adapters are 1) single-state (no Windows driver onboard), 2) single-function (wifi only) and 3) use Linux standards-compliant, in-kernel drivers. These 3 characteristics contribute to the adapters being stable, reliable and easy to use.
 
 | Adapter                                      | Chipset   | Class   | Bands     | USB Version | WPA3 | Range     |
 |----------------------------------------------|-----------|---------|-----------|-------------|------|-----------|
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@ Note: Information about and links to the above adapters can be found in the Plug
 
 [2] Supports Active Monitor Mode.
 
-[3] Monitor mode works well, very well, but Active Monitor Mode appears to be broken for now (2024-09-15). Active Monitor Mode is a feature within Monitor Mode that only select users need so it may not be an issue for you.
+[3] Monitor mode works well, very well, but Active Monitor Mode appears to be broken for now (2024-09-15). Active Monitor Mode is a feature within Monitor Mode that only select users need so it may not be an issue for you. Edit on 2025-01-15: I am seeing some reports that Active Monitor mode is now working on the mt7921au chip with kernel 6.12 and later. I have not confirmed this myself so further user reports would be helpful.
 
 Note: Your input to maintain this list is welcome.

home/USB_WiFi_Adapters_that_are_supported_with_Linux_in-kernel_drivers.md

@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ The Bad:
 - Not PnP yet: A PATCH is scheduled to go into kernel 6.4. (Editor's note: the patch was merged in kernel 6.4.)
 - Cost: At $99 USD MSRP this adapter is not inexpensive. (Editor's note: the price has been falling.)
 
-Overall: This adapter is a heavy seller. It sells more than 1000 units per month on Amazon. Reviews are good for Linux and Windows. I cannot recall a single user of this adapter reporting anything negative. This appears to be a good adapter to use with Linux.
+Overall: Reviews are good for Linux and Windows. I cannot recall a single user of this adapter reporting anything negative. This appears to be a good adapter to use with Linux.
 
 ```
 >================================<

home/Using_USB_Adapter_in_VirtualBox.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Using a USB WiFi Adapter with VirtualBox
+## Using a USB WiFi Adapter with VirtualBox
 
 Updated: 2025-01-28
 
@@ -15,9 +15,16 @@ guide should apply broadly to the task of making a USB WiFi adapter work
 with VirtualBox. .
 
 This guide is intended for those who are facing issues when using an
+<<<<<<< HEAD
 adapter with Kali as it is common for beginning Kali users to have
 problems if running in a VM. However, the priciples in this guide should
 work for most Linux distros.
+=======
+adapter with Kali but the general principles apply to most VM's as
+USB WiFi adapters are generally not set up automatically in VM's. If
+you are running Kali on VirtualBox from a Windows host and experiencing
+problems, here are some troubleshooting steps to help you out:
+>>>>>>> dc864e0fac2c836c1fed788c75e4fb95000616a2
 
 If you are running Kali on VirtualBox from a Windows host and
 experiencing problems, here are some troubleshooting steps to help you
@@ -79,4 +86,8 @@ continue with the additional steps.
 By following these steps, you should be able to resolve any issues with
 the adapter's compatibility with Kali on VirtualBox.
 
+<<<<<<< HEAD
 If you have ideas to improve this guide, please post in `Issues`.
+=======
+If you have ideas to improve the above guide, please post in `Issues`.
+>>>>>>> dc864e0fac2c836c1fed788c75e4fb95000616a2