Merge pull request #162 from jareware/raspbian-bullseye

Raspbian Bullseye

Author: jareware

README.md

@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ Note: You can user `${SERIAL}` to get Pi's serial number into URL.
 ### Automatic WiFi setup
 
 1. After flashing remount your SD card.
-2. Create a wpa_supplicant.conf in your SD cards boot folder
+2. Create a `wpa_supplicant.conf` in your SD cards boot folder
 3. Copy the [sample wpa_supplicant.conf](#sample-wpasupplicantconf) file into the boot folder on the SD card.
 4. Replace `WiFi-SSID` and `WiFi-PASSWORD` with your WiFi configuration.
-5. *Optional*: Set the country code to your country code e.g. DE.
+5. Optional: Set the country code to your country code e.g. `DE`.
 
 #### Sample wpa_supplicant.conf
 ```
@@ -56,15 +56,15 @@ update_config=1
 country=US
 
 network={
-    ssid="WiFi-SSID"
-    psk="WiFi-PASSWORD"
-    key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
+  ssid="WiFi-SSID"
+  psk="WiFi-PASSWORD"
+  key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
 }
 ```
 
 ## Hardware
 
-Works with [Raspberry Pi versions 1, 2 & 3](https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/). The 3 series is recommended, as it's the most powerful, and comes with built-in WiFi (though both [official](https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-usb-wifi-dongle/) and [off-the-shelf](https://elinux.org/RPi_USB_Wi-Fi_Adapters) USB WiFi dongles can work equally well).
+Works with [all Raspberry Pi versions](https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/). Versions 3 and 4 are recommended, though, since the smaller ones can be a bit underpowered for rendering complex dashboards. The 3 and 4 also come with built-in WiFi, which is convenient (though both [official](https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-usb-wifi-dongle/) and [off-the-shelf](https://elinux.org/RPi_USB_Wi-Fi_Adapters) USB WiFi dongles can work equally well).
 
 Make sure you have a [compatible 4+ GB SD card](http://elinux.org/RPi_SD_cards). In general, any Class 10 card will work, as they're fast enough and of high enough quality.
 

docs/first-boot.md

@@ -50,6 +50,13 @@ Finally, further tweaks can be made by changing the [Chromium command line switc
 
 Adding these options will allow you to mix secure (i.e. HTTPS) origins with insecure ones (you need to specifically white-list them). Sometimes you need stuff like this to pull together all the bits and pieces of your dashboard from different origins. We're not saying you should. But you can.
 
+## Controlling the kiosk remotely
+
+Sometimes you need to do basic remote adjustments, like changing the URL that's displayed.
+
+- If you need a lot of flexibility, [you can install VNC](https://github.com/futurice/chilipie-kiosk/issues/38#issuecomment-442031274) to get a full remote desktop
+- If you just need to set the URL, you can SSH over (not enabled by default; see above), and e.g. [run something like](https://github.com/futurice/chilipie-kiosk/issues/71#issuecomment-522035239): `export DISPLAY=:0; xdotool key F11 sleep 1 key ctrl+l sleep 1 type 'https://google.com'; xdotool sleep 1 key KP_Enter; xdotool key F11`. Very crude. Very effective.
+
 ## Username and password
 
 If you need to login to a shell, the default username and password are `pi` and `raspberry`, as is tradition for Raspberry Pi. The `pi` user also has `sudo` access.
@@ -69,13 +76,15 @@ Press `Ctrl + Alt + F3` to get to a virtual terminal, and use your favorite edit
 
 Save the file, and `sudo reboot`.
 
+Note that on the Pi 4, you'll need to disable the `dtoverlay=vc4-fkms-v3d` line in `/boot/config.txt` for this to work. But then that [may cause other issues](https://www.reddit.com/r/raspberry_pi/comments/dw1376/dtoverlayvc4fkmsv3d_causes_display_to_shift_right/). This is hopefully fixed in a future Raspbian release.
+
 Exotic screens may require a bit more fiddling. See issues [#41](https://github.com/futurice/chilipie-kiosk/issues/41) and [#58](https://github.com/futurice/chilipie-kiosk/issues/58) for ideas.
 
 ## Replacing the boot graphics
 
 The image that's displayed while the kiosk is starting can be changed by just replacing `~/background.png`.
 
-To change the default chilipie-kiosk boot graphics to a nice doge, for example, try `wget -O background.png bit.ly/2w1P4Il`.
+To change the default chilipie-kiosk boot graphics to a [nice Windoge one](https://mcdn.wallpapersafari.com/medium/93/77/8xKLeg.png), for example, try `wget -O background.png https://bit.ly/2Q4GF1t`.
 
 ## Increasing boot show delay
 

docs/image-setup.sh

@@ -1,29 +1,77 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
-MOUNTED_BOOT_VOLUME="boot" # i.e. under which name is the SD card mounted under /Volumes on macOS
-BOOT_CMDLINE_TXT="/Volumes/$MOUNTED_BOOT_VOLUME/cmdline.txt"
-BOOT_CONFIG_TXT="/Volumes/$MOUNTED_BOOT_VOLUME/config.txt"
+# exit on error; treat unset variables as errors; exit on errors in piped commands
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# Ensure we operate from consistent pwd for the rest of the script
+DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" >/dev/null 2>&1 && pwd )" # Figure out the ABSOLUTE PATH of this script without relying on the realpath command, which may not always be available
+cd "$DIR"
+
+if [ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu" ]; then
+  MOUNTED_BOOT_VOLUME="/media/$(whoami)/boot" # i.e. under which name is the SD card mounted under /media in Linux (Ubuntu)
+elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == darwin* ]]; then
+  MOUNTED_BOOT_VOLUME="/Volumes/boot" # i.e. under which name is the SD card mounted under /Volumes on macOS
+else
+  echo "Error: Unsupported platform $OSTYPE, sorry" && exit 1
+fi
+
+BOOT_CMDLINE_TXT="$MOUNTED_BOOT_VOLUME/cmdline.txt"
+BOOT_CONFIG_TXT="$MOUNTED_BOOT_VOLUME/config.txt"
 SD_SIZE_REAL=2500 # this is in MB
 SD_SIZE_SAFE=2800 # this is in MB
 SD_SIZE_ZERO=3200 # this is in MB
-PUBKEY="$(cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub)"
+SSH_PUBKEY="$(cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub)"
+SSH_CONNECT_TIMEOUT=30
+LOCALE="en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" # or e.g. "fi_FI.UTF-8 UTF-8" for Finland
+LANGUAGE="en_US.UTF-8" # should match above
 KEYBOARD="us" # or e.g. "fi" for Finnish
 TIMEZONE="Etc/UTC" # or e.g. "Europe/Helsinki"; see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones
 
+function echo-bold {
+  echo -e "$(tput -Txterm-256color bold)$1$(tput -Txterm-256color sgr 0)" # https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/269085; the -T arg accounts for $ENV not being set
+}
 function working {
-  echo -e "\n✨  $1"
+  echo-bold "\n[WORKING] $1"
 }
 function question {
-  echo -e "\n🛑  $1"
+  echo-bold "\n[QUESTION] $1"
 }
 function ssh {
-  /usr/bin/ssh -o LogLevel=ERROR -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o ConnectTimeout=5 "pi@$IP" "$1"
+  /usr/bin/ssh -o LogLevel=ERROR -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o ConnectTimeout="$SSH_CONNECT_TIMEOUT" "pi@$IP" "$1"
 }
 function scp {
   /usr/bin/scp -o LogLevel=ERROR -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null "$@" "pi@$IP:/home/pi"
 }
+function figureOutSdCard {
+  if [ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu" ]; then
+    lsblk --fs
+    DISK="/dev/$(lsblk -l | grep "$MOUNTED_BOOT_VOLUME" | sed 's/[0-9].*//')"
+    DISK_SAMPLE="/dev/sda"
+  elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == darwin* ]]; then
+    diskutil list
+    DISK="$(diskutil list | grep /dev/ | grep external | grep physical | cut -d ' ' -f 1 | head -n 1)"
+    DISK_SAMPLE="/dev/disk2"
+  else
+    echo "Error: Unsupported platform $OSTYPE, sorry" && exit 1
+  fi
+}
+function unmountSdCard {
+  if [ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu" ]; then
+    for part in $(lsblk --list "$DISK" | grep part | sed 's/ .*//'); do
+      udisksctl unmount -b "/dev/$part"
+    done
+  elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == darwin* ]]; then
+    diskutil unmountDisk "$DISK"
+  else
+    echo "Error: Unsupported platform $OSTYPE, sorry" && exit 1
+  fi
+}
 
-question "Enter version (e.g. \"1.2.3\") being built:"
+question "Enter version (e.g. \"1.2.3\") being built"
+echo "Omit the \"v\" prefix, it'll be added where needed"
+echo "For alpha/beta builds, use a \"-betaN\" suffic"
+echo "For RC builds, DO NOT use any suffix, as then the same image can't be promoted to stable without rebuilding"
+echo "Enter version:"
 read TAG
 
 working "Updating version file"
@@ -40,28 +88,38 @@ cp ../docs/first-boot.md md-input
 ./node_modules/.bin/html-inline -i md-output/first-boot.html > ../home/first-boot.html
 rm -rf md-input md-output
 
-question "Mount the SD card (press enter when ready)"
+question "Physically mount the SD card to this machine "
+echo "(press enter when ready)"
 read
 
 working "Figuring out SD card device"
-diskutil list
-DISK="$(diskutil list | grep /dev/ | grep external | grep physical | cut -d ' ' -f 1 | head -n 1)"
+figureOutSdCard
 
-question "Based on the above, SD card determined to be \"$DISK\" (should be e.g. \"/dev/disk2\"), press enter to continue"
+question "Based on the above, SD card determined to be \"$DISK\""
+echo "Should be e.g. \"$DISK_SAMPLE\""
+echo "(press enter to confirm)"
 read
 
 working "Safely unmounting the card"
-diskutil unmountDisk "$DISK"
+unmountSdCard
 
-working "Writing the card full of zeros (for security and compressibility reasons)"
+working "Writing the card full of zeros"
+# ...for security and compressibility reasons
 echo "This may take a long time"
 echo "You may be prompted for your password by sudo"
-sudo dd bs=1m count="$SD_SIZE_ZERO" if=/dev/zero of="$DISK"
+if [ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu" ]; then
+  sudo dd bs=1M count="$SD_SIZE_ZERO" if=/dev/zero of="$DISK" status=progress
+elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == darwin* ]]; then
+  sudo dd bs=1m count="$SD_SIZE_ZERO" if=/dev/zero of="$DISK"
+else
+  echo "Error: Unsupported platform $OSTYPE, sorry" && exit 1
+fi
 
-question "Prepare baseline Raspbian:"
-echo "* Flash Raspbian Lite with Etcher"
+question "Prepare baseline Raspberry Pi OS Lite:"
+echo "* Flash the OS with Raspberry Pi Imager"
 echo "* Eject the SD card"
 echo "* Mount the card back"
+echo "* Wait for your OS to mount it"
 echo "(press enter when ready)"
 read
 
@@ -76,10 +134,10 @@ mv temp "$BOOT_CMDLINE_TXT"
 
 working "Enabling SSH for first boot"
 # https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/remote-access/ssh/
-touch "/Volumes/$MOUNTED_BOOT_VOLUME/ssh"
+touch "$MOUNTED_BOOT_VOLUME/ssh"
 
 working "Safely unmounting the card"
-diskutil unmountDisk "$DISK"
+unmountSdCard
 
 question "Do initial Pi setup:"
 echo "* Eject the card"
@@ -91,63 +149,79 @@ read IP
 
 working "Installing temporary SSH pubkey"
 echo -e "Password hint: \"raspberry\""
-ssh "mkdir .ssh && echo '$PUBKEY' > .ssh/authorized_keys"
+ssh "mkdir .ssh && echo '$SSH_PUBKEY' > .ssh/authorized_keys"
 
 working "Figuring out partition start"
 ssh "echo -e 'p\nq\n' | sudo fdisk /dev/mmcblk0 | grep /dev/mmcblk0p2 | tr -s ' ' | cut -d ' ' -f 2" > temp
 START="$(cat temp)"
 rm temp
 
-question "Partition start determined to be \"$START\" (should be e.g. \"98304\"), press enter to continue"
+question "Partition start determined to be \"$START\""
+echo "Should be e.g. \"98304\""
+echo "(press enter to confirm)"
 read
 
-working "Resizing the root partition on the Pi"
+working "Resizing the root partition"
 ssh "echo -e 'd\n2\nn\np\n2\n$START\n+${SD_SIZE_REAL}M\ny\nw\n' | sudo fdisk /dev/mmcblk0"
 
+working "Setting locale"
+# We want to do this as early as possible, so perl et al won't complain about misconfigured locales for the rest of the image prep
+ssh "echo $LOCALE | sudo tee /etc/locale.gen"
+ssh "sudo locale-gen"
+ssh "echo -e \"LANGUAGE=$LANGUAGE\nLC_ALL=$LANGUAGE\" | sudo tee /etc/environment"
+
 working "Setting hostname"
 # We want to do this right before reboot, so we don't get a lot of unnecessary complaints about "sudo: unable to resolve host chilipie-kiosk" (https://askubuntu.com/a/59517)
 ssh "sudo hostnamectl set-hostname chilipie-kiosk"
-ssh "sudo sed -i 's/raspberrypi/chilipie-kiosk/g' /etc/hosts"
+ssh "sudo perl -i -p0e 's/raspberrypi/chilipie-kiosk/g' /etc/hosts" # "perl" is more cross-platform than "sed -i"
+
+# From now on, some ssh commands will exit non-0, which should be fine
+set +e
 
 working "Rebooting the Pi"
 ssh "sudo reboot"
 
 echo "Waiting for host to come back up..."
-until ssh "echo OK"
+until SSH_CONNECT_TIMEOUT=5 ssh "echo OK"
 do
   sleep 1
 done
 
 working "Finishing the root partition resize"
 ssh "df -h . && sudo resize2fs /dev/mmcblk0p2 && df -h ."
 
+# From raspi-config: https://github.com/RPi-Distro/raspi-config/blob/d98686647ced7c0c0490dc123432834735d1c13d/raspi-config#L1313-L1321
+# See also: https://github.com/futurice/chilipie-kiosk/issues/61#issuecomment-524622522
 working "Enabling auto-login to CLI"
-# From: https://github.com/RPi-Distro/raspi-config/blob/985548d7ca00cab11eccbb734b63750761c1f08a/raspi-config#L955
-SUDO_USER=pi
 ssh "sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target"
-ssh "sudo sed /etc/systemd/system/autologin@.service -i -e \"s#^ExecStart=-/sbin/agetty --autologin [^[:space:]]*#ExecStart=-/sbin/agetty --autologin $SUDO_USER#\""
-# Set auto-login for TTY's 1-3
-ssh "sudo ln -fs /etc/systemd/system/autologin@.service /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/getty@tty1.service"
-ssh "sudo ln -fs /etc/systemd/system/autologin@.service /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/getty@tty2.service"
-ssh "sudo ln -fs /etc/systemd/system/autologin@.service /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/getty@tty3.service"
+ssh "sudo ln -fs /lib/systemd/system/getty@.service /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/getty@tty1.service"
+ssh "sudo ln -fs /lib/systemd/system/getty@.service /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/getty@tty2.service"
+ssh "sudo ln -fs /lib/systemd/system/getty@.service /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/getty@tty3.service"
+ssh "sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d"
+ssh "sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty2.service.d"
+ssh "sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty3.service.d"
+ssh "echo -e '[Service]\nExecStart=\nExecStart=-/sbin/agetty --autologin pi --noclear %I \$TERM\n' | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d/autologin.conf"
+ssh "echo -e '[Service]\nExecStart=\nExecStart=-/sbin/agetty --autologin pi --noclear %I \$TERM\n' | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty2.service.d/autologin.conf"
+ssh "echo -e '[Service]\nExecStart=\nExecStart=-/sbin/agetty --autologin pi --noclear %I \$TERM\n' | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty3.service.d/autologin.conf"
 
 working "Setting timezone"
 ssh "(echo '$TIMEZONE' | sudo tee /etc/timezone) && sudo dpkg-reconfigure --frontend noninteractive tzdata"
 
 working "Setting keyboard layout"
 ssh "(echo -e 'XKBMODEL="pc105"\nXKBLAYOUT="$KEYBOARD"\nXKBVARIANT=""\nXKBOPTIONS=""\nBACKSPACE="guess"\n' | sudo tee /etc/default/keyboard) && sudo dpkg-reconfigure --frontend noninteractive keyboard-configuration"
 
-working "Shortening message-of-the-day for logins"
-ssh "sudo rm /etc/profile.d/sshpwd.sh"
-ssh "echo | sudo tee /etc/motd"
+working "Silencing console logins" # this is to avoid a brief flash of the console login before X comes up
+ssh "sudo rm /etc/profile.d/sshpwd.sh /etc/profile.d/wifi-check.sh" # remove warnings about default password and WiFi country (https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/a/105234)
+ssh "touch .hushlogin" # https://scribles.net/silent-boot-on-raspbian-stretch-in-console-mode/
+ssh "sudo perl -i -p0e 's#--autologin pi#--skip-login --noissue --login-options \"-f pi\"#g' /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d/autologin.conf" # "perl" is more cross-platform than "sed -i"
 
 working "Installing packages"
-ssh "sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y vim matchbox-window-manager unclutter mailutils nitrogen jq chromium-browser xserver-xorg xinit rpd-plym-splash xdotool cec-utils"
+ssh "sudo apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive sudo apt-get install -y vim matchbox-window-manager unclutter mailutils nitrogen jq chromium-browser xserver-xorg xinit rpd-plym-splash xdotool rng-tools xinput-calibrator cec-utils"
 # We install mailutils just so that you can check "mail" for cronjob output
 
 working "Setting home directory default content"
 ssh "rm -rfv /home/pi/*"
-scp $(find ../home -type file)
+scp $(find ../home -type f)
 
 working "Setting splash screen background"
 ssh "sudo rm /usr/share/plymouth/themes/pix/splash.png && sudo ln -s /home/pi/background.png /usr/share/plymouth/themes/pix/splash.png"
@@ -161,6 +235,10 @@ ssh "sudo reboot"
 question "Once the Pi has rebooted into Chromium:"
 echo "* Tell Chromium we don't want to sign in"
 echo "* Configure Chromium to start \"where you left off\""
+echo "  * F11 to exit full screen"
+echo "  * Alt + F, then S to go to Settings"
+echo "  * Type \"continue\" to filter the options"
+echo "  * Tab to select \"Continue where you left off\""
 echo "* Navigate to \"file:///home/pi/first-boot.html\""
 echo "(press enter when ready)"
 read
@@ -174,26 +252,28 @@ ssh "chromium-browser --version | cut -d ' ' -f 1-2" > temp
 VERSION_CHROMIUM="$(cat temp)"
 rm temp
 
-working "Removing SSH host keys & enable regeneration"
-ssh "sudo rm -f -v /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*_key* && sudo systemctl enable regenerate_ssh_host_keys"
+working "Disabling SSH access & restoring safe defaults & shutting down"
+tempFile="$(ssh mktemp)" # need to do this via a temp file on the host, otherwise disabling SSH while using SSH ends up being problematic
+ssh "chmod a+x $tempFile"
+ssh "echo 'rm -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*_key*; systemctl enable regenerate_ssh_host_keys; rm .ssh/authorized_keys; systemctl disable ssh; poweroff' > $tempFile"
+ssh "sudo nohup $tempFile"
 
-working "Removing temporary SSH pubkey, disabling SSH & shutting down"
-ssh "(echo > .ssh/authorized_keys) && sudo systemctl disable ssh && sudo shutdown -h now"
-
-question "Eject the SD card from the Pi, and mount it back to this computer (press enter when ready)"
+question "Eject the SD card from the Pi, and mount it back to this computer"
+echo "(press enter when ready)"
 read
 
-working "Figuring out SD card device"
 # We do this again now just to be safe
-diskutil list
-DISK="$(diskutil list | grep /dev/ | grep external | grep physical | cut -d ' ' -f 1 | head -n 1)"
+working "Figuring out SD card device"
+figureOutSdCard
 
-question "Based on the above, SD card determined to be \"$DISK\" (should be e.g. \"/dev/disk2\"), press enter to continue"
+question "Based on the above, SD card determined to be \"$DISK\""
+echo "Should be e.g. \"$DISK_SAMPLE\""
+echo "(press enter to confirm)"
 read
 
 working "Making boot quieter (part 1)" # https://scribles.net/customizing-boot-up-screen-on-raspberry-pi/
 echo "Updating: $BOOT_CONFIG_TXT"
-sed -i "" "s/#disable_overscan=1/disable_overscan=1/g" "$BOOT_CONFIG_TXT"
+perl -i -p0e "s/#disable_overscan=1/disable_overscan=1/g" "$BOOT_CONFIG_TXT" # "perl" is more cross-platform than "sed -i"
 echo -e "\ndisable_splash=1" >> "$BOOT_CONFIG_TXT"
 
 working "Making boot quieter (part 2)" # https://scribles.net/customizing-boot-up-screen-on-raspberry-pi/
@@ -206,13 +286,19 @@ cat "$BOOT_CMDLINE_TXT" \
 mv temp "$BOOT_CMDLINE_TXT"
 
 working "Safely unmounting the card"
-diskutil unmountDisk "$DISK"
+unmountSdCard
 
 working "Dumping the image from the card"
 cd ..
 echo "This may take a long time"
 echo "You may be prompted for your password by sudo"
-sudo dd bs=1m count="$SD_SIZE_SAFE" if="$DISK" of="chilipie-kiosk-$TAG.img"
+if [ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu" ]; then
+  sudo dd bs=1M count="$SD_SIZE_ZERO" if="$DISK" of="chilipie-kiosk-$TAG.img" status=progress
+elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == darwin* ]]; then
+  sudo dd bs=1m count="$SD_SIZE_ZERO" if="$DISK" of="chilipie-kiosk-$TAG.img"
+else
+  echo "Error: Unsupported platform $OSTYPE, sorry" && exit 1
+fi
 
 working "Compressing image"
 COPYFILE_DISABLE=1 tar -zcvf chilipie-kiosk-$TAG.img.tar.gz chilipie-kiosk-$TAG.img

home/.chilipie-kiosk-version

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-2.1.0
+3.0.0
 
 https://github.com/futurice/chilipie-kiosk