TypeConversion

TypeConversion with C++

Author: hhuseyn1

TypeConversion/TypeConversion.cpp

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+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+//#include <typeinfo>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+//// Type Conversion
+// 1) implicit 2) explicit 
+ 
+// Type Conversion Operators in C++
+
+// static_cast
+// dynamic_cast
+// const_cast
+// reinterpret_cast
+
+
+
+
+ class Employee {
+ protected:
+ 	int id = 0;
+ public:
+ 	Employee() = default;
+ 	Employee(int id) : id(id) {};
+ 
+ 	int getId() { return id; }
+ };
+ 
+ 
+ class Police : public Employee {
+ public:
+ 	Police(int id) : Employee(id) {};
+ 	int getValue() { return id * 100; }
+ };
+ 
+ 
+ class Teacher : public Employee {
+ public:
+ 	Teacher(int id) : Employee(id) {};
+ 	string method1() { return "Sport is health"; }
+ 	string method2() { return "Put your mask"; }
+ };
+ 
+ 
+ int main()
+ {
+ 	Employee e(1);
+ 	Police p(2);
+ 	Teacher t(3);
+ 
+ 
+ 	 Employee e1 = p;
+ 	 cout << e1.getId() << endl;
+ 
+ 	// Police downCast = (Police)e1; // invalid
+ 	 
+ 	 Employee ePtr = p;
+ 	 cout << ePtr.getId() << endl;
+ 	 
+ 	 
+ 	 Police& downCast = (Police&)ePtr;
+ 	 cout << downCast.getValue() << endl;
+ 
+ }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+//int main() {
+//
+// float f = 12.5f;
+// int number = static_cast<int>(f);
+// cout << number << endl;
+//
+//}
+
+
+//class Int {
+//	int x;
+//
+//public:
+//	Int(int x): x(x){}
+//
+//	explicit operator string() {
+//		return to_string(x);
+//	}
+//};
+//
+//
+//int main() {
+//	Int obj(10);
+//	string s = (string)obj;
+//
+//	string s1 = static_cast<string>(obj);
+//
+//	cout << s << endl;
+//}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+// class Employee {
+// protected:
+// 	int id = 0;
+// public:
+// 	Employee() = default;
+// 	Employee(int id) : id(id) {};
+// 
+// 	int getId() { return id; }
+// };
+// 
+// class Teacher : private Employee {
+// public:
+// 	Teacher(int id) : Employee(id) {};
+// 	string method1() { return "Idman saglamliqdi"; }
+// 	string method2() { return "Maskavi tax"; }
+// };
+// 
+// 
+// int main()
+// {
+// 	// Teacher t(10);
+// 	// Employee e = static_cast<Employee>(t);
+// 
+// 
+// 	// // Teacher t2 = static_cast<Teacher>(e); // invalid
+// 	// Teacher* t3 = static_cast<Teacher*>(&e);
+// 	// Teacher& t4 = static_cast<Teacher&>(e);
+// 
+// 
+// 	// Teacher* t5 = (Teacher*)&e;
+// 	// cout << t5->getId() << endl;
+// }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+// // dynamic_cast
+// 
+// 
+// 
+// 
+// class ButtonBase {
+// public:
+// 	string Content = "";
+// 	string Location = "";
+// 
+// 	virtual void Click() { cout << "ButtonBase Click\n"; }
+// 
+// 	virtual ~ButtonBase() = 0{};
+// };
+// 
+// 
+// class Button : public ButtonBase {
+// public:
+// 	void Click() { cout << "Button Click\n"; }
+// };
+// 
+// class CheckBox : public ButtonBase {
+// public:
+// 	void Click() { cout << "CheckBox Click\n"; }
+// };
+// 
+// class RadioButton : public ButtonBase {
+// public:
+// 	void Click() { cout << "RadioButton Click\n"; }
+// };
+// 
+// 
+// 
+// // dynamic_cast
+// 
+// int main() 
+// {
+// 	ButtonBase** buttons = new ButtonBase * []
+// 	{
+// 		new Button(),
+// 		new CheckBox(),
+// 		new RadioButton(),
+// 		new CheckBox(),
+// 		new Button(),
+// 		new CheckBox(),
+// 		new RadioButton()
+// 	};
+// 
+// 	int n = 7;
+// 
+// 	for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++)
+// 	{
+// 		if(dynamic_cast<CheckBox*>(buttons[i]) != NULL)
+// 			buttons[i]->Click();
+// 	}
+// }
+
+
+// polymorphic class - non polymorphic class
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+// // const_cast
+// 
+// 
+// void show(int*& data) {
+// 	*data = 100;
+// 	cout << *data << endl;
+// }
+// 
+// 
+// int main() {
+// 	const int number = 10;
+// 	const int* ptr = &number;
+// 
+// 	show(const_cast<int*&>(ptr));
+// 	cout << *ptr << endl;
+// 
+// 
+// 	// int* newPtr = const_cast<int*>(ptr);
+// 	// *newPtr = 100;
+// 	// 
+// 	// 
+// 	// // Undefined behavior
+// 	// cout << number << endl;
+// 	// cout << *ptr << endl;
+// 	// cout << *newPtr << endl;
+// }
+
+
+
+
+
+// class A {
+// public:
+// 	int value;
+// 
+// 	A(int v) : value(v) {}
+// 
+// 	void show() const {
+// 		(const_cast<A*>(this))->value = 100;
+// 
+// 		cout << value << endl;
+// 	}
+// };
+// 
+// 
+// 
+// void main() {
+// 	A a(10);
+// 	a.show();
+// 	cout << a.value << endl;
+// }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+// reinterpret_cast
+
+
+//
+//struct Samsung {
+//	int a;
+//	int b;
+//	bool isCancel;
+//	char symbol;
+//};
+
+//
+//void main()
+//{
+//	Samsung s;
+//
+//	s.a = 5;
+//	s.b = 100;
+//	s.isCancel = true;
+//	s.symbol = 'A';
+//
+//	int* v = reinterpret_cast<int*>(&s);
+//	cout << *v << endl;
+//
+//	v++;
+//
+//	v = reinterpret_cast<int*>(v);
+//	cout << *v << endl;
+//
+//	v++;
+//
+//	bool* b = reinterpret_cast<bool*>(v);
+//	cout << *b << endl;
+//
+//	b++;
+//
+//	char* c = reinterpret_cast<char*>(b);
+//	cout << *c << endl;
+//}