Data-Types.md

Data Types

Booleans

There are two boolean literals: true and false.

Every Dove value is either truthy or falsey, so that they can be used like a boolean in a logic operation.

Dove follows Ruby's simple truthiness rule: false and nil are falsey, and everything else is truthy.

Numbers

There is only one numeric type in Dove: double precision floating-point number which is 64 bits in size.

0
123
-123
12.345
-12.345

Strings

String literals starts and ends with ".

"Hello World"

Arrays

An array is an ordered collection of items. An array literal is declared by any number of expressions between [ and ], separated by , commas. They can contain values of any data type, including another array.

[1, 2, "hello", [4, 5]]

Elements in an array can be accessed by their index. A new value can also be assigned. Remember that indices start at zero!

let arr = [1, 2, 3]
print arr[1] // 2
arr[1] = 4
print arr // [1, 4, 3] 

Tuples

Tuples are immutable collections of items. They contain any number of items between ( and ), separated by , commas. A tuple with only one element must have a trailing comma to differentiate it from a group. They are similar to arrays, except that they are immutable, meaning that you cannot assign new values to it.

let tup = ("hello", "world")
print tup[0] // "hello"
tup[0] = "hi" // ERROR!

(1,) // Tuple with a single element

Dictionaries

A dictionary is a collection of key value pairs. Each key in the dictionary is associated with a value. Unlike arrays and tuples, dictionaries are unordered. A dictionary can be declared by having key value pairs in the format key: value, between { and }, separated by , commas. Currently, only Strings and integers (a Number that ends with .0) are allowed as dictionary keys. Like arrays, values in the dictionary can be accessed by their corresponding key, and they are also mutable.

let dict = {
    "name": "Der",
    "age": 21,
    123: [4, 5, 6],
}
print dict["name"] // "Der"