diff --git a/src/libraries/System.Runtime.Extensions/tests/System/Random.cs b/src/libraries/System.Runtime.Extensions/tests/System/Random.cs
index 56318e7b34d329..1d39866627b1fd 100644
--- a/src/libraries/System.Runtime.Extensions/tests/System/Random.cs
+++ b/src/libraries/System.Runtime.Extensions/tests/System/Random.cs
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ public void Empty_Success(bool derived, bool seeded)
             r.NextBytes(Span<byte>.Empty);
         }
 
-        [Fact]
+        [ConditionalFact(typeof(BitConverter), nameof(BitConverter.IsLittleEndian))] // test makes little-endian assumptions
         public void Xoshiro_AlgorithmBehavesAsExpected()
         {
             // This test is validating implementation detail.  If the algorithm used by `new Random()` is ever