FEAT: VECTOR compact construction

Implements: metaeducation/rebol-issues#2396

Example:
```
>> #[ui8! [1 2 3]]
== make vector! [unsigned integer! 8 3 [1 2 3]]

```

Author: Oldes

src/boot/words.r

@@ -26,6 +26,25 @@ any-string!
 any-object!
 any-block!
 
+;- numeric types (used for "short" vector! construction)
+;- like: #[ui8 4] which is same like: make vector! [unsigned integer! 8 4]
+;  these numeric files are used in l-types.c and t-vector.c sources
+;  and can be used for future struct! and routine! implementations
+si8!
+si16!
+si32!
+si64!
+
+ui8!
+ui16!
+ui32!
+ui64!
+
+f32!
+f64!
+;@@ O: Should be supported also longer variants like uint8! etc?
+; end of numeric types
+
 datatypes
 
 native

src/core/l-types.c

@@ -1069,6 +1069,9 @@ bad_hex:	Trap0(RE_INVALID_CHARS);
 			return TRUE;
 
 		default:
+			if (type >= SYM_SI8X && type <= SYM_F64X) {
+				if (MT_Vector(value, val, REB_VECTOR)) return TRUE;
+			}
 			return FALSE;
 		}
 	}

src/core/t-vector.c

@@ -487,6 +487,17 @@ void Set_Vector_Row(REBSER *ser, REBVAL *blk)
 	// SIGNED / UNSIGNED
 	if (IS_WORD(bp)) {
 		switch (VAL_WORD_CANON(bp)) {
+		case SYM_SI8X:  type = 0; sign = 0; bits =  8; bp++; goto size_spec;
+		case SYM_UI8X:  type = 0; sign = 1; bits =  8; bp++; goto size_spec;
+		case SYM_SI16X: type = 0; sign = 0; bits = 16; bp++; goto size_spec;
+		case SYM_UI16X: type = 0; sign = 1; bits = 16; bp++; goto size_spec;
+		case SYM_SI32X: type = 0; sign = 0; bits = 32; bp++; goto size_spec;
+		case SYM_UI32X: type = 0; sign = 1; bits = 32; bp++; goto size_spec;
+		case SYM_SI64X: type = 0; sign = 0; bits = 64; bp++; goto size_spec;
+		case SYM_UI64X: type = 0; sign = 1; bits = 64; bp++; goto size_spec;
+		case SYM_F32X:  type = 1; sign = 0; bits = 32; bp++; goto size_spec;
+		case SYM_F64X:  type = 1; sign = 0; bits = 64; bp++; goto size_spec;
+
 		case SYM_UNSIGNED: sign = 1; bp++; break;
 		case SYM_SIGNED:   sign = 0; bp++; break;
 		}
@@ -518,6 +529,8 @@ void Set_Vector_Row(REBSER *ser, REBVAL *blk)
 		else return 0;
 	} else return 0;
 
+size_spec:
+
 	// SIZE
 	if (IS_INTEGER(bp)) {
 		size = Int32(bp);

src/tests/units/vector-test.r3

@@ -151,6 +151,66 @@ Rebol [
 
 ===end-group===
 
+===start-group=== "VECTOR compact construction"
+	;@@ https://github.com/rebol/rebol-issues/issues/2396
+	--test-- "Compact construction syntax (empty)"
+		--assert (mold #[si8!]) = "make vector! [integer! 8 0 []]"
+		--assert (mold #[si16!]) = "make vector! [integer! 16 0 []]"
+		--assert (mold #[si32!]) = "make vector! [integer! 32 0 []]"
+		--assert (mold #[si64!]) = "make vector! [integer! 64 0 []]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui8!]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 8 0 []]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui16!]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 16 0 []]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui32!]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 32 0 []]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui64!]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 64 0 []]"
+		--assert (mold #[f32!]) = "make vector! [decimal! 32 0 []]"
+		--assert (mold #[f64!]) = "make vector! [decimal! 64 0 []]"
+
+	--test-- "Compact construction syntax (size)"
+		--assert (mold #[si8! 3]) = "make vector! [integer! 8 3 [0 0 0]]"
+		--assert (mold #[si16! 3]) = "make vector! [integer! 16 3 [0 0 0]]"
+		--assert (mold #[si32! 3]) = "make vector! [integer! 32 3 [0 0 0]]"
+		--assert (mold #[si64! 3]) = "make vector! [integer! 64 3 [0 0 0]]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui8! 3]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 8 3 [0 0 0]]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui16! 3]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 16 3 [0 0 0]]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui32! 3]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 32 3 [0 0 0]]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui64! 3]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 64 3 [0 0 0]]"
+		--assert (mold #[f32! 3]) = "make vector! [decimal! 32 3 [0.0 0.0 0.0]]"
+		--assert (mold #[f64! 3]) = "make vector! [decimal! 64 3 [0.0 0.0 0.0]]"
+
+	--test-- "Compact construction syntax (data)"
+		--assert (mold #[si8! [1 2]]) = "make vector! [integer! 8 2 [1 2]]"
+		--assert (mold #[si16! [1 2]]) = "make vector! [integer! 16 2 [1 2]]"
+		--assert (mold #[si32! [1 2]]) = "make vector! [integer! 32 2 [1 2]]"
+		--assert (mold #[si64! [1 2]]) = "make vector! [integer! 64 2 [1 2]]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui8! [1 2]]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 8 2 [1 2]]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui16! [1 2]]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 16 2 [1 2]]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui32! [1 2]]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 32 2 [1 2]]"
+		--assert (mold #[ui64! [1 2]]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 64 2 [1 2]]"
+		--assert (mold #[f32! [1 2]]) = "make vector! [decimal! 32 2 [1.0 2.0]]"
+		--assert (mold #[f64! [1 2]]) = "make vector! [decimal! 64 2 [1.0 2.0]]"
+
+	--test-- "Compact construction syntax (data with index)"
+		--assert (mold v: #[si8! [1 2] 2]) = "make vector! [integer! 8 1 [2]]"
+		--assert 2 = index? v
+		--assert (mold v: #[si16! [1 2] 2]) = "make vector! [integer! 16 1 [2]]"
+		--assert 2 = index? v
+		--assert (mold v: #[si32! [1 2] 2]) = "make vector! [integer! 32 1 [2]]"
+		--assert 2 = index? v
+		--assert (mold v: #[si64! [1 2] 2]) = "make vector! [integer! 64 1 [2]]"
+		--assert 2 = index? v
+		--assert (mold v: #[ui8! [1 2] 2]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 8 1 [2]]"
+		--assert 2 = index? v
+		--assert (mold v: #[ui16! [1 2] 2]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 16 1 [2]]"
+		--assert 2 = index? v
+		--assert (mold v: #[ui32! [1 2] 2]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 32 1 [2]]"
+		--assert 2 = index? v
+		--assert (mold v: #[ui64! [1 2] 2]) = "make vector! [unsigned integer! 64 1 [2]]"
+		--assert 2 = index? v
+		--assert (mold v: #[f32! [1 2] 2]) = "make vector! [decimal! 32 1 [2.0]]"
+		--assert 2 = index? v
+		--assert (mold v: #[f64! [1 2] 2]) = "make vector! [decimal! 64 1 [2.0]]"
+		--assert 2 = index? v
+
 
 ===start-group=== "VECTOR math"