diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 2a686b547..7ce7d4ddf 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -70,46 +70,21 @@ $ ENABLE_LINKCHECK=1 mdbook serve
 We use `mdbook-toc` to auto-generate TOCs for long sections. You can invoke the preprocessor by
 including the `<!-- toc -->` marker at the place where you want the TOC.
 
-## How to fix toolstate failures
-
-> [!NOTE]
-> Currently, we do not track the rustc-dev-guide toolstate due to
-> [spurious failures](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/71731),
-> but we leave these instructions for when we do it again in the future.
-
-1. You will get a ping from the toolstate commit. e.g. https://github.com/rust-lang-nursery/rust-toolstate/commit/8ffa0e4c30ac9ba8546b7046e5c4ccc2b96ebdd4
-
-2. The commit contains a link to the PR that caused the breakage. e.g. https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/64321
-
-3. If you go to that PR's thread, there is a post from bors with a link to the CI status: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/64321#issuecomment-529763807
-
-4. Follow the check-actions link to get to the Actions page for that build
-
-5. There will be approximately 1 billion different jobs for the build. They are for different configurations and platforms. The rustc-dev-guide build only runs on the Linux x86_64-gnu-tools job. So click on that job in the list, which is about 60% down in the list.
-
-6. Click the Run build step in the job to get the console log for the step.
-
-7. Click on the log and Ctrl-f to get a search box in the log
-
-8. Search for rustc-dev-guide. This gets you to the place where the links are checked. It is usually ~11K lines into the log.
-
-9. Look at the links in the log near that point in the log
-
-10. Fix those links in the rustc-dev-guide (by making a PR in the rustc-dev-guide repo)
-
-11. Make a PR on the rust-lang/rust repo to update the rustc-dev-guide git submodule in src/docs/rustc-dev-guide.
-To make a PR, the following steps are useful.
-
-```bash
-# Assuming you already cloned the rust-lang/rust repo and you're in the correct directory
-git submodule update --remote src/doc/rustc-dev-guide
-git add -u
-git commit -m "Update rustc-dev-guide"
-# Note that you can use -i, which is short for --incremental, in the following command
-./x test --incremental src/doc/rustc-dev-guide # This is optional and should succeed anyway
-# Open a PR in rust-lang/rust
-```
-
-12. Wait for PR to merge
-
-Voilà!
+## Synchronizing josh subtree with rustc
+
+This repository is linked to `rust-lang/rust` as a [josh](https://josh-project.github.io/josh/intro.html) subtree. You can use the following commands to synchronize the subtree in both directions.
+
+### Pull changes from `rust-lang/rust` into this repository
+1) Checkout a new branch that will be used to create a PR into `rust-lang/rustc-dev-guide`
+2) Run the pull command
+    ```
+    $ cargo run --manifest-path josh-sync/Cargo.toml rustc-pull
+    ```
+3) Push the branch to your fork and create a PR into `rustc-dev-guide`
+
+### Push changes from this repository into `rust-lang/rust`
+1) Run the push command to create a branch named `<branch-name>` in a `rustc` fork under the `<gh-username>` account
+    ```
+    $ cargo run --manifest-path josh-sync/Cargo.toml rustc-push <branch-name> <gh-username>
+    ```
+2) Create a PR from `<branch-name>` into `rust-lang/rust`
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new file mode 100644
index 000000000..844518628
--- /dev/null
+++ b/josh-sync/Cargo.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
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diff --git a/josh-sync/Cargo.toml b/josh-sync/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..81d0d1ebd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/josh-sync/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[package]
+name = "josh-sync"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+anyhow = "1.0.95"
+clap = { version = "4.5.21", features = ["derive"] }
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+xshell = "0.2.6"
diff --git a/josh-sync/README.md b/josh-sync/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a3dd876e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/josh-sync/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Git josh sync
+This utility serves for syncing the josh git subtree to and from the rust-lang/rust repository.
+
+See CLI help for usage.
diff --git a/josh-sync/src/main.rs b/josh-sync/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..84613ad86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/josh-sync/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+use clap::Parser;
+use crate::sync::GitSync;
+
+mod sync;
+
+#[derive(clap::Parser)]
+enum Args {
+    /// Pull changes from the main `rustc` repository.
+    /// This creates new commits that should be then merged into `rustc-dev-guide`.
+    RustcPull,
+    /// Push changes from `rustc-dev-guide` to the given `branch` of a `rustc` fork under the given
+    /// GitHub `username`.
+    /// The pushed branch should then be merged into the `rustc` repository.
+    RustcPush {
+        branch: String,
+        github_username: String
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let args = Args::parse();
+    let sync = GitSync::from_current_dir()?;
+    match args {
+        Args::RustcPull => {
+            sync.rustc_pull(None)?;
+        }
+        Args::RustcPush { github_username, branch } => {
+            sync.rustc_push(github_username, branch)?;
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/josh-sync/src/sync.rs b/josh-sync/src/sync.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..da21a4c9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/josh-sync/src/sync.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+use std::ops::Not;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::{env, net, process};
+use std::io::Write;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use anyhow::{anyhow, bail, Context};
+use xshell::{cmd, Shell};
+
+/// Used for rustc syncs.
+const JOSH_FILTER: &str = ":/src/doc/rustc-dev-guide";
+const JOSH_PORT: u16 = 42042;
+const UPSTREAM_REPO: &str = "rust-lang/rust";
+
+pub struct GitSync {
+    dir: PathBuf,
+}
+
+/// This code was adapted from the miri repository
+/// (https://github.com/rust-lang/miri/blob/6a68a79f38064c3bc30617cca4bdbfb2c336b140/miri-script/src/commands.rs#L236).
+impl GitSync {
+    pub fn from_current_dir() -> anyhow::Result<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            dir: std::env::current_dir()?
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn rustc_pull(&self, commit: Option<String>) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let sh = Shell::new()?;
+        sh.change_dir(&self.dir);
+        let commit = commit.map(Ok).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+            let rust_repo_head =
+                cmd!(sh, "git ls-remote https://github.com/{UPSTREAM_REPO}/ HEAD").read()?;
+            rust_repo_head
+                .split_whitespace()
+                .next()
+                .map(|front| front.trim().to_owned())
+                .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Could not obtain Rust repo HEAD from remote."))
+        })?;
+        // Make sure the repo is clean.
+        if cmd!(sh, "git status --untracked-files=no --porcelain").read()?.is_empty().not() {
+            bail!("working directory must be clean before performing rustc pull");
+        }
+        // Make sure josh is running.
+        let josh = Self::start_josh()?;
+        let josh_url =
+            format!("http://localhost:{JOSH_PORT}/{UPSTREAM_REPO}.git@{commit}{JOSH_FILTER}.git");
+
+        // Update rust-version file. As a separate commit, since making it part of
+        // the merge has confused the heck out of josh in the past.
+        // We pass `--no-verify` to avoid running git hooks.
+        // We do this before the merge so that if there are merge conflicts, we have
+        // the right rust-version file while resolving them.
+        sh.write_file("rust-version", format!("{commit}\n"))?;
+        const PREPARING_COMMIT_MESSAGE: &str = "Preparing for merge from rustc";
+        cmd!(sh, "git commit rust-version --no-verify -m {PREPARING_COMMIT_MESSAGE}")
+            .run()
+            .context("FAILED to commit rust-version file, something went wrong")?;
+
+        // Fetch given rustc commit.
+        cmd!(sh, "git fetch {josh_url}")
+            .run()
+            .inspect_err(|_| {
+                // Try to un-do the previous `git commit`, to leave the repo in the state we found it.
+                cmd!(sh, "git reset --hard HEAD^")
+                    .run()
+                    .expect("FAILED to clean up again after failed `git fetch`, sorry for that");
+            })
+            .context("FAILED to fetch new commits, something went wrong (committing the rust-version file has been undone)")?;
+
+        // This should not add any new root commits. So count those before and after merging.
+        let num_roots = || -> anyhow::Result<u32> {
+            Ok(cmd!(sh, "git rev-list HEAD --max-parents=0 --count")
+                .read()
+                .context("failed to determine the number of root commits")?
+                .parse::<u32>()?)
+        };
+        let num_roots_before = num_roots()?;
+
+        // Merge the fetched commit.
+        const MERGE_COMMIT_MESSAGE: &str = "Merge from rustc";
+        cmd!(sh, "git merge FETCH_HEAD --no-verify --no-ff -m {MERGE_COMMIT_MESSAGE}")
+            .run()
+            .context("FAILED to merge new commits, something went wrong")?;
+
+        // Check that the number of roots did not increase.
+        if num_roots()? != num_roots_before {
+            bail!("Josh created a new root commit. This is probably not the history you want.");
+        }
+
+        drop(josh);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn rustc_push(&self, github_user: String, branch: String) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let sh = Shell::new()?;
+        sh.change_dir(&self.dir);
+        let base = sh.read_file("rust-version")?.trim().to_owned();
+        // Make sure the repo is clean.
+        if cmd!(sh, "git status --untracked-files=no --porcelain").read()?.is_empty().not() {
+            bail!("working directory must be clean before running `rustc-push`");
+        }
+        // Make sure josh is running.
+        let josh = Self::start_josh()?;
+        let josh_url =
+            format!("http://localhost:{JOSH_PORT}/{github_user}/rust.git{JOSH_FILTER}.git");
+
+        // Find a repo we can do our preparation in.
+        if let Ok(rustc_git) = env::var("RUSTC_GIT") {
+            // If rustc_git is `Some`, we'll use an existing fork for the branch updates.
+            sh.change_dir(rustc_git);
+        } else {
+            // Otherwise, do this in the local repo.
+            println!(
+                "This will pull a copy of the rust-lang/rust history into this checkout, growing it by about 1GB."
+            );
+            print!(
+                "To avoid that, abort now and set the `RUSTC_GIT` environment variable to an existing rustc checkout. Proceed? [y/N] "
+            );
+            std::io::stdout().flush()?;
+            let mut answer = String::new();
+            std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut answer)?;
+            if answer.trim().to_lowercase() != "y" {
+                std::process::exit(1);
+            }
+        };
+        // Prepare the branch. Pushing works much better if we use as base exactly
+        // the commit that we pulled from last time, so we use the `rust-version`
+        // file to find out which commit that would be.
+        println!("Preparing {github_user}/rust (base: {base})...");
+        if cmd!(sh, "git fetch https://github.com/{github_user}/rust {branch}")
+            .ignore_stderr()
+            .read()
+            .is_ok()
+        {
+            println!(
+                "The branch '{branch}' seems to already exist in 'https://github.com/{github_user}/rust'. Please delete it and try again."
+            );
+            std::process::exit(1);
+        }
+        cmd!(sh, "git fetch https://github.com/{UPSTREAM_REPO} {base}").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "git push https://github.com/{github_user}/rust {base}:refs/heads/{branch}")
+            .ignore_stdout()
+            .ignore_stderr() // silence the "create GitHub PR" message
+            .run()?;
+        println!();
+
+        // Do the actual push.
+        sh.change_dir(&self.dir);
+        println!("Pushing changes...");
+        cmd!(sh, "git push {josh_url} HEAD:{branch}").run()?;
+        println!();
+
+        // Do a round-trip check to make sure the push worked as expected.
+        cmd!(sh, "git fetch {josh_url} {branch}").ignore_stderr().read()?;
+        let head = cmd!(sh, "git rev-parse HEAD").read()?;
+        let fetch_head = cmd!(sh, "git rev-parse FETCH_HEAD").read()?;
+        if head != fetch_head {
+            bail!(
+                "Josh created a non-roundtrip push! Do NOT merge this into rustc!\n\
+                Expected {head}, got {fetch_head}."
+            );
+        }
+        println!(
+            "Confirmed that the push round-trips back to rustc-dev-guide properly. Please create a rustc PR:"
+        );
+        println!(
+            // Open PR with `subtree update` title to silence the `no-merges` triagebot check
+            "    https://github.com/{UPSTREAM_REPO}/compare/{github_user}:{branch}?quick_pull=1&title=Rustc+dev+guide+subtree+update&body=r?+@ghost"
+        );
+
+        drop(josh);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn start_josh() -> anyhow::Result<impl Drop> {
+        // Determine cache directory.
+        let local_dir = {
+            let user_dirs =
+                directories::ProjectDirs::from("org", "rust-lang", "rustc-dev-guide-josh").unwrap();
+            user_dirs.cache_dir().to_owned()
+        };
+
+        // Start josh, silencing its output.
+        let mut cmd = process::Command::new("josh-proxy");
+        cmd.arg("--local").arg(local_dir);
+        cmd.arg("--remote").arg("https://github.com");
+        cmd.arg("--port").arg(JOSH_PORT.to_string());
+        cmd.arg("--no-background");
+        cmd.stdout(process::Stdio::null());
+        cmd.stderr(process::Stdio::null());
+        let josh = cmd.spawn().context("failed to start josh-proxy, make sure it is installed")?;
+
+        // Create a wrapper that stops it on drop.
+        struct Josh(process::Child);
+        impl Drop for Josh {
+            fn drop(&mut self) {
+                #[cfg(unix)]
+                {
+                    // Try to gracefully shut it down.
+                    process::Command::new("kill")
+                        .args(["-s", "INT", &self.0.id().to_string()])
+                        .output()
+                        .expect("failed to SIGINT josh-proxy");
+                    // Sadly there is no "wait with timeout"... so we just give it some time to finish.
+                    std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));
+                    // Now hopefully it is gone.
+                    if self.0.try_wait().expect("failed to wait for josh-proxy").is_some() {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                // If that didn't work (or we're not on Unix), kill it hard.
+                eprintln!(
+                    "I have to kill josh-proxy the hard way, let's hope this does not break anything."
+                );
+                self.0.kill().expect("failed to SIGKILL josh-proxy");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Wait until the port is open. We try every 10ms until 1s passed.
+        for _ in 0..100 {
+            // This will generally fail immediately when the port is still closed.
+            let josh_ready = net::TcpStream::connect_timeout(
+                &net::SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], JOSH_PORT)),
+                Duration::from_millis(1),
+            );
+            if josh_ready.is_ok() {
+                return Ok(Josh(josh));
+            }
+            // Not ready yet.
+            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));
+        }
+        bail!("Even after waiting for 1s, josh-proxy is still not available.")
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rust-version b/rust-version
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb